GlossaryExplanation of Language Read screen Stop Reading Speed: 1 [{"id":"ableism","title":"Ableism","excerpt":"Ableism is when a disabled person is treated unfairly or unequally because of their disability. This can include hateful attitudes, lack of access, being refused housing or jobs, or systems that keep disabled people in poverty.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Ableism</strong></h4><p >Ableism is when a disabled person is treated unfairly or unequally because of their disability. This can include hateful attitudes, lack of access, being refused housing or jobs, or systems that keep disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> in poverty.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#ableism","tags":[]},{"id":"ableist-attitudes","title":"Ableist attitudes","excerpt":"Beliefs, assumptions, or behaviours that devalue, stereotype, or discriminate against disabled people by viewing disability as a deficit; in safeguarding contexts they can justify restrictive practices or dismiss concerns and disclosures.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Ableist attitudes</strong></h4><p >Ableist attitudes are beliefs, assumptions, or behaviours that devalue, stereotype, or discriminate against disabled people by viewing disability as a deficit, problem, or something that needs to be fixed or controlled.</p><p >In a safeguarding context, ableist attitudes can increase the risk of harm by minimising a person’s rights, autonomy, credibility, or safety; justifying restrictive or controlling practices; or dismissing concerns, disclosures, or signs of abuse or neglect. These attitudes can be expressed intentionally or unintentionally and may occur at individual, organisational, or systemic levels.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#ableist-attitudes","tags":["ableism","attitudes","discrimination","safeguarding","rights"]},{"id":"abuse","title":"Abuse","excerpt":"Any behaviour that causes physical, emotional, sexual, or psychological harm, neglect, or financial exploitation. Abuse can happen in families, institutions, care settings, or the community.Legal context: Defined in multiple laws including the Family Violence Act 2018.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Abuse</strong></h4><p >Any behaviour that causes physical, emotional, sexual, or psychological harm, neglect, or financial exploitation. Abuse can happen in families, institutions, care settings, or the community.<br><strong>Legal context:</strong> Defined in multiple laws including the <a href=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2018/0046/latest/LMS141001.html\" title=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2018/0046/latest/LMS141001.html\" target=\"_blank\">Family Violence Act 2018</a>.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#abuse"},{"id":"accessibility","title":"Accessibility","excerpt":"Accessibility removes barriers so disabled people can readily access, understand and use services.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Accessibility</strong></h4><p >Accessibility removes barriers so disabled people can readily access, understand and use services.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#accessibility","tags":["accessibility","inclusion"]},{"id":"accessible","title":"Accessible","excerpt":"Being an accessible violence prevention or response service means providing not only physical access to buildings (entrances, bathrooms and all other spaces), but offering fully accessible information in a range of formats. This includes access to NZ sign language users and interpreters, access to a disability specific advocate and supported decision making and access to legal services.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Accessible</strong></h4><p >Being an accessible violence prevention or response service means providing not only physical access to buildings (entrances, bathrooms and all other spaces), but offering fully accessible information in a range of formats. This includes access to NZ sign language users and interpreters, access to a disability specific advocate and supported decision making and access to legal services. </p><p >It means all organisations must develop policies and procedures in conjunction with tāngata whaikaha, d/Deaf, and disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> that specify and teach the competencies required to understand who disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> and adults at risk are; the dynamics and dimensions of violence against tāngata whaikaha, d/Deaf, and disabled women, men and children; and how to constructively respond to this violence, including a knowledge of available services and processes. </p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#accessible"},{"id":"adults-at-risk","title":"Adults at Risk","excerpt":"a person (18 years and over) who has needs for care and/or support (whether they are receiving services or not), and","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Adults at Risk</strong></h4><h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\">An Adult at Risk is:</h4><ul data-rte-list=\"default\"><li><p >a person (18 years and over) who has needs for care and/or support (whether they are receiving services or not), and</p></li><li><p >is experiencing (or is at risk of) family violence, sexual violence, or any form of abuse, neglect and harm, and</p></li><li><p >because of their needs for care and/or support, and because of the lack of structural resources, supports and services available to them, is unable to protect themselves from the abuse or the risk of it.<br><strong>All parts of the definition must apply.</strong><br><strong>Legal context:</strong> Responsibilities are outlined under the <a href=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2011/0085/22.0/096be8ed8081d2b2.pdf\" title=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2011/0079/latest/DLM3963427.html\" target=\"_blank\">Crimes Amendment Act 2011</a>.</p></li></ul>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#adults-at-risk"},{"id":"advocate","title":"Advocate","excerpt":"A person who stands beside someone to help them understand their rights, speak up, and make informed choices. Advocates support the person’s voice to be heard.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Advocate</strong></h4><p >A person who stands beside someone to help them understand their rights, speak up, and make informed choices. Advocates support the person’s voice to be heard.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#advocate","tags":[]},{"id":"aiga-tele","title":"Aiga-tele","excerpt":"In Sāmoan culture, this refers to the extended family or wider support network. It often includes not just blood relatives but others who provide love, support, and care.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Aiga-tele</strong></h4><p >In Sāmoan culture, this refers to the extended family or wider support network. It often includes not just blood relatives but others who provide love, support, and care.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#aiga-tele"},{"id":"alienation","title":"Alienation","excerpt":"Alienation relates to a profound (often negative) sense of estrangement, isolation or disconnection from society, work, others, or oneself.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nAlienation\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nAlienation relates to a profound (often negative) sense of estrangement, isolation or disconnection from society, work, others, or oneself.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#alienation","tags":[]},{"id":"alienation-grooming","title":"Alienation / grooming","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Alienation / grooming (emotional abuse) – and the related concept of ‘predatory alienation’</strong></h4>\n <p >\n This is about purposefully disrupting existing relationships in order to gain control and to isolate people from those\n they trust.<br/>\n <a href=\"/glossary#alienation\" rel=\"noopener\">Alienation</a> or <a href=\"/glossary#grooming\" rel=\"noopener\">grooming</a> enables an abusive person to exploit, control, or take advantage of another person. Predatory\n alienation and grooming involve deceiving and manipulating a person, causing them to start to mistrust, fear or become\n isolated from those whom they’ve previously trusted. It puts the predator in a situation of control.\n </p>\n <p >\n <small>Reference: <a href=\"https://www.justice.govt.nz/family/family-violence/what-is-family-violence/understand-family-violence\" target=\"_blank\"\n rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ministry of Justice</a></small>\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#alienation-grooming","tags":["alienation","grooming"],"excerpt":"Alienation / grooming (emotional abuse) – and the related concept of ‘predatory alienation’ This is about purposefully disrupting existing relationships in order to gain control and to isolate people from those they trust. Alienation or grooming enables an abusive person to exploit, control, or take advantage of another person. Predatory alienation and grooming involve deceiving and manipulating a person, causing them to start to mistrust, fear or become isolated from those whom they’ve previously trusted. It puts the predator in a situation of control. Reference: Ministry of Justice"},{"id":"autonomy","title":"Autonomy","excerpt":"Having independence in being able to decide for yourself, free from external control or influence.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nAutonomy\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nHaving independence in being able to decide for yourself, free from external control or influence.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#autonomy","tags":[]},{"id":"barriers","title":"Barriers","excerpt":"Things that make it hard for someone to do something. Barriers might stop people from getting help, being safe, accessing information, or being heard.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Barriers</strong></h4><p >Things that make it hard for someone to do something. Barriers might stop <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> from getting help, being safe, accessing information, or being heard.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#barriers"},{"id":"capability","title":"Capability","excerpt":"Ability to develop and apply knowledge, assessments, skills, attitudes, behaviours – which then enable good policies, processes and practices.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Capability</strong></h4><p >Ability to develop and apply knowledge, assessments, skills, attitudes, behaviours – which then enable good policies, processes and practices. </p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#capability"},{"id":"capability-growing","title":"Capability growing","excerpt":"Helping others to increase awareness and develop new knowledge, skills and practices in the detection, prevention and response to abuse against disabled people.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Capability growing</strong></h4><p >Helping others to increase awareness and develop new knowledge, skills and practices in the detection, prevention and response to abuse against disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span>. </p><p >We work with <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span>, organisations, government, <a href=\"/glossary#nsac\" target=\"\"><span class=\"sqsrte-text-color--accent\">NSAC</span></a><span class=\"sqsrte-text-color--accent\"> </span>assessors, disability support services, and across communities, agencies, and sectors.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#capability-growing"},{"id":"co-design","title":"Co-design","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Co-design</strong></h4>\n <p >\n <strong>Co-design</strong> is an approach to developing policies, services, or systems that <strong></strong>actively involves the people who are most\n affected by them</strong>, as equal partners in decision-making.<br/>\n \n In a <strong>safeguarding context</strong>, codesign means working with disabled people, survivors, whānau, and communities — not just\n consulting them — to ensure that services, responses, and safeguards reflect <strong>real experiences, needs, risks, and\n strengths</strong>.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>\n","url":"/glossary#co-design","tags":[],"excerpt":"Co-design Co-design is an approach to developing policies, services, or systems that actively involves the people who are most affected by them, as equal partners in decision-making. In a safeguarding context, codesign means working with disabled people, survivors, whānau, and communities — not just consulting them — to ensure that services, responses, and safeguards reflect real experiences, needs, risks, and strengths."},{"id":"coercion","title":"Coercion","excerpt":"Forcing, pressuring, or manipulating someone into doing something they don’t want to do.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Coercion</strong></h4><p >Forcing, pressuring, or manipulating someone into doing something they don’t want to do.</p><p ><br><strong>Legal context:</strong> Coercive control is recognised under the <a href=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2018/0046/latest/LMS141001.html\" title=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2018/0046/latest/LMS141001.html\" target=\"_blank\">Family Violence Act 2018</a> as a form of psychological abuse.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#coercion"},{"id":"coercive-control","title":"Coercive control","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Coercive control</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Undue Influence or coercive control is when individuals assert influence over other people to have them\n accept things\n they would not otherwise have done or accepted. It can involve using various techniques or manipulations\n over time.\n </p>\n <p >\n It includes causing someone to witness or hear abuse in the family.\n </p>\n <p >\n <small>Reference: <a href=\"https://www.elderjusticecal.org/undue-influence.html\" target=\"_blank\"\n rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CEJC</a></small>\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#coercive-control","tags":["Undue influence"],"excerpt":"Coercive control Undue Influence or coercive control is when individuals assert influence over other people to have them accept things they would not otherwise have done or accepted. It can involve using various techniques or manipulations over time. It includes causing someone to witness or hear abuse in the family. Reference: CEJC"},{"id":"coercively","title":"Coercively","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Coercively</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Coercively means using pressure, control, threats, manipulation, or power imbalance to force or influence a person’s\n actions, decisions, or behaviour, rather than respecting their free and informed choice.\n </p> \n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#coercively","tags":[],"excerpt":"Coercively Coercively means using pressure, control, threats, manipulation, or power imbalance to force or influence a person’s actions, decisions, or behaviour, rather than respecting their free and informed choice."},{"id":"competencies","title":"Competencies","excerpt":"A combination of knowledge, attitudes, skill and behaviours that enable individuals to perform tasks effectively and succeed in their roles.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nCompetencies\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nA combination of knowledge, attitudes, skill and behaviours that enable individuals to perform tasks effectively and succeed in their roles.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#competencies","tags":[]},{"id":"compounding-risks","title":"Compounding risks","excerpt":"Situations where multiple risk factors are present at the same time and interact with one another, increasing a disabled person’s vulnerability to harm beyond the impact of any single factor on its own.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Compounding risks</strong></h4><p >Compounding risks refer to situations where multiple risk factors are present at the same time and interact with one another, increasing a disabled person’s vulnerability to harm beyond the impact of any single factor on its own.</p><p >In a safeguarding context, these risks may include factors such as social isolation, discrimination, dependence on others for support, poverty, or communication barriers, which together can significantly heighten the likelihood and severity of abuse, neglect, or exploitation.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#compounding-risks","tags":["risk","safeguarding","vulnerability"]},{"id":"compromised-human-rights","title":"Compromised human rights ","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Compromised human rights</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Where disabled people’s fundamental rights to <a href=\"/glossary#autonomy\" rel=\"noopener\">autonomy</a>, dignity, safety, and participation are restricted, denied, or <a href=\"/glossary#undermined\" rel=\"noopener\">undermined</a> by policies, systems, practices, or individual actions. \n </p> \n <p >\n <small>Sources: Human Rights Commission NZ, 2021; Disability Support Services (no date); Royal Commission of Inquiry into Abuse\n in Care, 2025\n </small>\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#compromised-human-rights","tags":[],"excerpt":"Compromised human rights Where disabled people’s fundamental rights to autonomy, dignity, safety, and participation are restricted, denied, or undermined by policies, systems, practices, or individual actions. Sources: Human Rights Commission NZ, 2021; Disability Support Services (no date); Royal Commission of Inquiry into Abuse in Care, 2025"},{"id":"cpva","title":"CPVA","excerpt":"Child to parent violence and abuse (CPVA) CPVA encompasses a broad range of behaviours that a child might display towards their parents, caregivers and whānau. The violence can also continue into adulthood. Types of violence can include physical, sexual, verbal, coercion, financial, property damage, hurting pets, self-harming and digital.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Child to parent violence and abuse (CPVA)</strong></h4>\n <p >\n CPVA encompasses a broad range of behaviours that a child might display towards their parents, caregivers\n and\n whānau. The violence can also continue into adulthood.\n </p>\n <p >\n Types of violence can include physical, sexual, verbal, coercion, financial, property damage, hurting pets,\n self-harming and digital.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#cpva","tags":[]},{"id":"crimes-amendment-act-2011","title":"Crimes Amendment Act 2011","excerpt":"This law introduced an offence for failing to protect a vulnerable adult or child from serious harm when the person is in a position of care or responsibility.See: Crimes Amendment Act 2011, s195A","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Crimes Amendment Act 2011</strong></h4><p >This law introduced an offence for failing to protect a vulnerable adult or child from serious harm when the person is in a position of care or responsibility.<br>See: <a href=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2011/0079/latest/DLM3963427.html\" title=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2011/0079/latest/DLM3963427.html\" target=\"_blank\">Crimes Amendment Act 2011, s195A</a></p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#crimes-amendment-act-2011"},{"id":"critical-mass","title":"Critical mass","excerpt":"The tipping point when enough people, support, or momentum builds up to create real and lasting change.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Critical mass</strong></h4><p >The tipping point when enough <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span>, support, or momentum builds up to create real and lasting change.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#critical-mass"},{"id":"culturally-safe","title":"Culturally safe","excerpt":"Creating environments where people feel safe, respected, and able to be themselves. This means being aware of power differences, colonisation, racism, and respecting diverse cultural values.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Culturally safe</strong></h4><p >Creating environments where <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> feel safe, respected, and able to be themselves. This means being aware of power differences, colonisation, racism, and respecting diverse cultural values.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#culturally-safe"},{"id":"deaf","title":"d/Deaf","excerpt":"Deaf (with a capital D) refers to people who identify with the Deaf community and culture and use New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL).deaf (lowercase) refers to people with hearing loss who may not use sign language or identify as part of the Deaf community.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>d/Deaf </strong></h4><p ><strong>Deaf</strong> (with a capital D) refers to <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> who identify with the Deaf community and culture and use New Zealand Sign Language (NZSL).<br><strong>deaf</strong> (lowercase) refers to <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> with hearing loss who may not use sign language or identify as part of the Deaf community.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#deaf","tags":["deaf"]},{"id":"deception","title":"Deception","excerpt":"The act of intentionally causing someone to believe information that is false or invalid, often to mislead others, gain advantage, or avoid punishment.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nDeception\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nThis refers to the Family Violence 'Entry to Expert' capability frameworkThe act of intentionally causing someone to believe information that is false or invalid, often to mislead others, gain advantage, or avoid punishment.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#deception","tags":[]},{"id":"demographics","title":"Demographics","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\"\n data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Demographics</strong></h4>\n <p>\n <strong>Demographics</strong> are statistical characteristics of a population that describe <strong>who people are</strong>.\n They commonly include factors such as <strong>age, gender, ethnicity, disability, income, education, location, and household or family status</strong>.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#demographics","tags":[],"excerpt":"Demographics Demographics are statistical characteristics of a population that describe who people are. They commonly include factors such as age, gender, ethnicity, disability, income, education, location, and household or family status."},{"id":"dapar","title":"Disability Abuse Prevention And Response (DAPAR)","excerpt":"Disability Abuse Prevention And Response (DAPAR) is a new approach that works to safeguard the rights of disabled people and tāngata whaikaha Māori and responds to situations of violence, abuse and harm.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Disability Abuse Prevention And Response (DAPAR)</strong></h4><p >Disability Abuse Prevention And Response (DAPAR) is a new approach that works to safeguard the rights of disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> and tāngata whaikaha Māori and responds to situations of violence, abuse and harm.</p><p >The overall goal of DAPAR is to create safety and improve wellbeing and outcomes for tāngata whaikaha Māori and disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> who are at risk of, or experiencing, violence, abuse, neglect or harm.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#dapar","tags":["dapar"]},{"id":"disabled-person","title":"Disabled person","excerpt":"The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nDisabled person\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nThe United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (<a href=\"/glossary#uncrpd\">UNCRPD</a>) defines a disability as: \n<br/>\n\"any long-term physical, mental, intellectual or sensory impairment which, in interaction with various barriers, may hinder the full and effective participation of disabled people in society on an equal basis with others.\" \n<br/>\nPeople with impairments are disabled if society does not provide an environment that takes their impairments adequately into account.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#disabled-person","tags":[]},{"id":"discrimination","title":"Discrimination","excerpt":"Discrimination Unfair or unequal treatment of a person or group based on characteristics such as race, gender, age, disability, or religion - resulting in reduced access to rights, opportunities, services, or protections. Source: Human Rights Act 1993; Human Rights Commission NZ, 2021. References: Human Rights Act 1993 Ministry of Justice","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Discrimination</strong></h4>\n <p >Unfair or unequal treatment of a person or group based on characteristics such as race, gender, age, disability, or\n religion - resulting in reduced access to rights, opportunities, services, or protections.</p>\n <p >\n <small>Source: Human Rights Act 1993; Human Rights Commission NZ, 2021.\n <br/>\n References: <br/>\n <a href=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1993/82/en/latest/#DLM304212\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Human Rights Act 1993</a><br/>\n <a href=\"https://www.justice.govt.nz/about/learn-about-the-justice-system/how-the-justice-system-works/the-basis-for-all-law/the-human-rights-act/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ministry of Justice</a><br/>\n </small>\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#discrimination","tags":["discrimination","equity","safeguarding","rights"]},{"id":"discriminatory-beliefs","title":"Discriminatory beliefs","excerpt":"Attitudes or assumptions that treat disabled people as less capable, less valuable, or less entitled to rights, respect, or autonomy; in safeguarding contexts these beliefs can normalise unequal treatment and undermine access to protection.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Discriminatory beliefs</strong></h4><p >Discriminatory beliefs are attitudes or assumptions that treat disabled people as less capable, less valuable, or less entitled to rights, respect, or autonomy because of their disability.</p><p >In a safeguarding context, these beliefs can increase the risk of harm by normalising unequal treatment, justifying exclusion or control, and undermining a person’s voice, credibility, or access to protection and support.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#discriminatory-beliefs","tags":["discrimination","beliefs","safeguarding"]},{"id":"dss","title":"DSS","excerpt":"DSS stands for Disability Support Services, which are disability support services funded by the Ministry of Social Development.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nDSS\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nDSS stands for Disability Support Services, which are disability support services funded by the Ministry of Social Development.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#dss","tags":[]},{"id":"duty-of-care","title":"Duty of care","excerpt":"Duty of care is a legal obligation to protect others from harm.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Duty of care</strong></h4><p >Duty of care is a legal obligation to protect others from harm.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#duty-of-care","tags":[]},{"id":"emotional-abuse","title":"Emotional abuse","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Emotional abuse</strong></h4>\n <p>\n Behaviours that intimidate; harass; threaten; humiliate; control; or cause mental anguish, stress, fear or\n distress.<br />\n Emotional abuse may involve coercive or controlling actions such as verbal putdowns; blame shifting;\n manipulation;\n intimidation; threats of harm; or damage to property or pets; bullying; isolating someone; or controlling\n access.\n </p>\n <p>\n It includes causing someone to witness or hear abuse in the family.\n </p> \n <p> \n See also <a href=\"/glossary#psychological-abuse\"\n rel=\"noopener\">Psychological abuse</a>.\n </p> \n <p>\n <small>Reference: <a\n href=\"https://www.justice.govt.nz/family/family-violence/what-is-family-violence/understand-family-violence\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ministry of Justice</a></small>\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#emotional-abuse","tags":[],"excerpt":"Emotional abuse Behaviours that intimidate; harass; threaten; humiliate; control; or cause mental anguish, stress, fear or distress. Emotional abuse may involve coercive or controlling actions such as verbal putdowns; blame shifting; manipulation; intimidation; threats of harm; or damage to property or pets; bullying; isolating someone; or controlling access. It includes causing someone to witness or hear abuse in the family. See also Psychological abuse. Reference: Ministry of Justice"},{"id":"enabling-good-lives","title":"Enabling Good Lives","excerpt":"A movement in Aotearoa that promotes self-determination, mana, and inclusion for disabled people. It supports disabled people to have greater choice and control in their lives and access to the same opportunities as everyone else.Learn more at: Enabling Good Lives","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Enabling Good Lives</strong></h4><p >A movement in Aotearoa that promotes self-determination, mana, and inclusion for disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span>. It supports disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> to have greater choice and control in their lives and access to the same opportunities as everyone else.<br>Learn more at: <a href=\"https://www.enablinggoodlives.co.nz/\" title=\"https://www.enablinggoodlives.co.nz/\" target=\"_blank\">Enabling Good Lives</a></p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#enabling-good-lives","tags":["egl"]},{"id":"epoa","title":"Enduring Power of Attorney (EPOA)","excerpt":"A legal arrangement where a person chooses someone they trust to make decisions for them if they become unable to make certain decisions themselves in the future.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Enduring Power of Attorney (EPOA)</strong></h4><p >An <strong>Enduring Power of Attorney (EPOA)</strong> is a legal arrangement where a person chooses someone they trust to make decisions for them <strong>if they become unable to make certain decisions themselves in the future.</strong></p><p >An EPOA only comes into effect when the person <strong>no longer has capacity</strong> to make the relevant decisions, and the authority given depends on what the EPOA covers (for example, personal care and welfare, or property and finances).</p><p >In a safeguarding context, an EPOA is a type of legal proxy role and must be used carefully and lawfully.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#epoa","tags":["decision-making","legal","rights","safeguarding"]},{"id":"e2e-framework","title":"Entry to Expert (E2E) Capability Framework AND E2E Capability Framework AND E2E Framework","excerpt":"Entry to Expert (E2E) Capability Framework AND E2E Capability Framework AND E2E Framework Developed as part of Te Aorerekura National Strategy, the Entry to Expert (E2E) Capability Framework outlines the skills and knowledge required to respond to, and work effectively with, people impacted by family violence and/or people who use violence.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\"\n data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Entry to Expert (E2E) Capability Framework AND E2E Capability Framework AND E2E Framework</strong></h4>\n <p>\n Developed as part of <a href=\"/glossary#te-aorerekura\" rel=\"noopener\">Te Aorerekura National Strategy</a>, the Entry to Expert (E2E) Capability Framework outlines the skills and knowledge required to respond to, and work effectively with, people impacted by family violence and/or people who use violence.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#e2e-framework","tags":[]},{"id":"exploitation","title":"Exploitation","excerpt":"The act of unfairly taking advantage of a person, group or resource for personal gain, coercion or profit. It involves a power imbalance.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nExploitation\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nThe act of unfairly taking advantage of a person, group or resource for personal gain, coercion or profit. It involves a power imbalance.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#exploitation","tags":[]},{"id":"family-violence","title":"Family violence","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Family violence</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Family violence refers to any form of violence or abuse used by one person against another person with whom\n they have,\n or have had, a family or close personal relationship, and which includes a pattern of coercive or\n controlling behaviour\n that causes harm or fear.\n </p>\n <p>\n In New Zealand, family violence is recognised as being <strong>broader than physical violence</strong> and\n includes: physical abuse,\n sexual abuse, psychological or emotional abuse, economic or financial abuse, coercive or controlling\n behaviour, threats,\n intimidation, harassment, and isolation.\n </p>\n <p>\n Defined as occurring within close personal relationships: e.g. with intimate partners, within whānau and\n extended\n family, within flatmates, between caregivers and those they support, and in any gender or sexuality\n configuration.\n </p>\n <p >\n <small>References:</small>\n <ul>\n<li><small><a href=\"https://www.justice.govt.nz/justice-sector-policy/key-initiatives/addressing-family-violence-and-sexual-violence/a-new-family-violence-act/\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Family Violence Act 2018</a></small></li>\n <li><small><a href=\"https://www.women.govt.nz/womens-safety/data-and-research\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ministry\n of Justice, 2018</a></small></li>\n </ul> \n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#family-violence","tags":[],"excerpt":"Family violence Family violence refers to any form of violence or abuse used by one person against another person with whom they have, or have had, a family or close personal relationship, and which includes a pattern of coercive or controlling behaviour that causes harm or fear. In New Zealand, family violence is recognised as being broader than physical violence and includes: physical abuse, sexual abuse, psychological or emotional abuse, economic or financial abuse, coercive or controlling behaviour, threats, intimidation, harassment, and isolation. Defined as occurring within close personal relationships: e.g. with intimate partners, within whānau and extended family, within flatmates, between caregivers and those they support, and in any gender or sexuality configuration. References: Family Violence Act 2018 Ministry of Justice, 2018"},{"id":"family-violence-act-2018","title":"Family Violence Act 2018","excerpt":"Modernised the legal definition of family violence to include ongoing patterns of harm, coercion, control, and psychological abuse.Read more: Family Violence Act 2018","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Family Violence Act 2018</strong></h4><p >Modernised the legal definition of family violence to include ongoing patterns of harm, coercion, control, and psychological abuse.<br>Read more: <a href=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2018/0046/latest/LMS141001.html\" title=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2018/0046/latest/LMS141001.html\" target=\"_blank\">Family Violence Act 2018</a></p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#family-violence-act-2018"},{"id":"fasd","title":"FASD / FASD-CAN","excerpt":"FASD stands for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorder.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>FASD / FASD-CAN</strong></h4><p >FASD stands for Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Disorder.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#fasd"},{"id":"economic-abuse","title":"Financial / economic abuse","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Financial / economic abuse</strong></h4>\n <p >\n This involves behaviours that control, restrict, exploit, or remove a person’s access to money, financial resources, or\n participation in financial decision-making, thereby undermining their economic <a href=\"/glossary#autonomy\" rel=\"noopener\">autonomy</a> and independence.\n </p> \n <p >\n <small>Reference: Definition aligned with the Family Violence Act 2018 and NZ economic harm frameworks <br/>\n See also: <a\n href=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/1961/0043/latest/DLM329384.html?utm_source\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Crimes Act 1961</a></small>\n </p> \n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#economic-abuse","tags":[],"excerpt":"Financial / economic abuse This involves behaviours that control, restrict, exploit, or remove a person’s access to money, financial resources, or participation in financial decision-making, thereby undermining their economic autonomy and independence. Reference: Definition aligned with the Family Violence Act 2018 and NZ economic harm frameworks See also: Crimes Act 1961"},{"id":"fvsv","title":"FVSV","excerpt":"Family violence and sexual violence.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>FVSV</strong></h4><p >Family violence and sexual violence.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#fvsv"},{"id":"gaslighting","title":"Gaslighting","excerpt":"A form of psychological abuse where a person deliberately manipulates someone into doubting their own experiences, memories, perceptions, or judgement to gain power or control, avoid accountability, or silence concerns.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Gaslighting</strong></h4><p >Gaslighting is a form of psychological abuse where a person deliberately manipulates someone into doubting their own experiences, memories, perceptions, or judgement. It is used to gain power or control, avoid accountability, or silence concerns.</p><p >In a <strong>safeguarding context</strong>, gaslighting may involve denying that harmful behaviour occurred, minimising or dismissing a person’s feelings, rewriting events, blaming the person for the harm they experienced, or repeatedly telling them they are “overreacting,” “confused,” or “imagining things.”</p><p >Gaslighting can cause people - particularly disabled people or those facing other disadvantage - to lose confidence in themselves, distrust their instincts, and feel unable to speak up or seek help. This makes it a serious safeguarding concern, as it can hide abuse, prolong harm, and prevent disclosure.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#gaslighting","tags":["safeguarding","psychological-abuse","abuse","control","coercion"]},{"id":"grooming","title":"Grooming","excerpt":"Grooming (which may be sexual grooming) is a calcuated process used to build an emotional connection and a trusting relationship with a person (typically a child, teenage or vulnerable adult) to lower their inhibitions for the purpose of sexual abuse or exploitation. This process is deliberate, often taking weeks, months or even years to establish trust and secrecy.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nGrooming\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nGrooming (which may be sexual grooming) is a calcuated process used to build an emotional connection and a trusting relationship with a person (typically a child, teenage or vulnerable adult) to lower their inhibitions for the purpose of sexual abuse or exploitation. This process is deliberate, often taking weeks, months or even years to establish trust and secrecy.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#grooming","tags":[]},{"id":"hui","title":"Hui","excerpt":"Meeting, gathering, or assembly.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Hui</strong></h4><p >Meeting, gathering, or assembly.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#hui"},{"id":"inclusive","title":"Inclusive","excerpt":"In the context of accessibility and inclusion, ‘inclusive’ means everyone—regardless of gender, ability, disability, background, ethnicity or circumstance—can fully participate, belong and be valued in a space, service, product, or community.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Inclusive</strong></h4><p >In the context of ‘accessibility and inclusion’, the terms ‘inclusive’ or ‘inclusion’ mean: that everyone - regardless of gender, ability, disability, background, ethnicity or circumstance - can fully participate, belong and be valued in a space, service, product, or community.</p><p >Inclusion typically involves everyone feeling welcomed and respected; barriers are removed (including social, physical, digital or communication barriers); diverse needs are considered from the start; people have an equal opportunity to participate; and differences are valued and not merely tolerated.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#inclusive","tags":["inclusive","inclusion","accessibility"]},{"id":"inclusiveness","title":"Inclusiveness","excerpt":"Inclusiveness ensures disabled people are welcomed, respected and able to participate fully, when engaging with your staff (kaimahi) and your services.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Inclusiveness</strong></h4><p >Inclusiveness ensures disabled people are welcomed, respected and able to participate fully, when engaging with your staff (kaimahi) and your services.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#inclusiveness","tags":["inclusiveness","inclusive","inclusion","accessibility"]},{"id":"independent-advocate","title":"Independent advocate / advocacy","excerpt":"","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Independent advocate / advocacy</strong></h4><p >Independent advocacy supports people to navigate systems and acts as a catalyst for change in a situation. Independent advocacy can have a preventative role and stop situations from escalating, and it can help individuals and groups being supported to develop the skills, confidence and understanding to advocate for themselves. <br />\nIn the strict sense, it can also mean \"independent from funded services\" and so more likely to be free from bias or influence. <br />\nIndependent advocacy is especially important when individuals or groups are not heard, are vulnerable or are discriminated against.\n</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#independent-advocate","tags":[]},{"id":"individualised-funding-hosts","title":"Individualised Funding Hosts / IF Hosts","excerpt":"These roles assist people with disabilities to manage their own funding for support services, such as personal care or respite. Services include helping families manage budgets, timesheets and staff, often for disabled children or adults.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Individualised Funding Hosts / IF Hosts</strong></h4><p >These roles assist people with disabilities to manage their own funding for support services, such as personal care or respite. Services include helping families manage budgets, timesheets and staff, often for disabled children or adults.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#individualised-funding-hosts","tags":["individualised-funding","if-hosts","funding","support-services"]},{"id":"informed-choice","title":"Informed choice","excerpt":"Understanding what is being proposed, the available options (including saying no), and likely risks, benefits, or consequences — and then deciding freely without pressure, coercion, or manipulation.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Informed choice</strong></h4><p >Understanding your options and deciding freely.</p><p ><em>If you want more information:</em><br>Informed choice means a person clearly understands what is being proposed, what their options are (including the option to say no), and any likely risks, benefits, or consequence - and then makes a decision freely, without pressure, coercion, or manipulation.</p><p >In a <strong>safeguarding context</strong>, informed choice requires that information is communicated in ways the person can understand (for example, using plain language, accessible formats, or <a href=\"/glossary#supported-decision-making\">supported decision-making</a> where needed), and that the person’s ‘will and preference’ (i.e. wishes, rights) and autonomy are respected. A choice is not informed if it is made under fear, intimidation, manipulation, misinformation, or lack of reasonable alternatives.</p><p >See also ‘<a href=\"/glossary#informed-consent\">informed consent</a>’ – which is the outcome of the process of having ‘informed choice’.</p><p >You cannot have informed consent without informed choice, but informed choice does not always require formal consent.</p><p ><strong>Informed choice:</strong> Understanding your options and choosing freely.<br><strong>Informed decision:</strong> Making a decision based on that understanding.<br><strong>Informed consent:</strong> Clearly agreeing to something after making an informed decision.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#informed-choice","tags":["choice","consent","safeguarding","rights"]},{"id":"informed-consent","title":"Informed consent","excerpt":"When someone clearly understands what is being asked or done, what their choices are, and any risks involved—then agrees to it freely and without pressure.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Informed consent</strong></h4><p >When someone clearly understands what is being asked or done, what their choices are, and any risks involved—then agrees to it freely and without pressure.</p><p ><strong>Legal context:</strong> A key principle in the <a href=\"https://www.hdc.org.nz/your-rights/about-the-code/code-of-health-and-disability-services-consumers-rights/\" title=\"https://www.hdc.org.nz/your-rights/about-the-code/code-of-health-and-disability-services-consumers-rights/\" target=\"_blank\">Code of Health and Disability Services Consumers’ Rights</a>.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#informed-consent"},{"id":"informed-decision","title":"Informed decision","excerpt":"Making a decision after understanding options and likely risks, benefits and consequences, reflecting the person’s will and preference.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Informed decision</strong></h4><p >An informed decision is about making a decision, having understood the options, and any likely risks, benefits and consequences.</p><p ><em>If you want more information:</em><br>An informed decision refers to the act of deciding - after a person has been supported to understand relevant information, options, risks, benefits, and possible consequences, and has had the opportunity to reflect and ask questions.</p><p >An <strong>Informed decision</strong> is the decision that’s made after an informed choice has occurred, and is the moment where understanding is put into action. It may or may not require formal agreement.</p><p >An <strong>Informed decision</strong> reflects the person’s will and preference. A decision is <strong>not informed</strong> if it’s made due to misinformation, lack of understanding, power imbalance, or absence of real choice.</p><p >See also <a href=\"/glossary#informed-choice\">informed choice</a> and <a href=\"/glossary#informed-consent\">informed consent</a>.</p><p ><strong>Informed choice:</strong> Understanding your options and choosing freely.<br><strong>Informed decision:</strong> Making a decision based on that understanding.<br><strong>Informed consent:</strong> Clearly agreeing to something after making an informed decision.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#informed-decision","tags":["decision-making","consent","safeguarding","rights"]},{"id":"institutional-abuse","title":"Institutional abuse","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Institutional abuse</strong></h4>\n <p>\n Refers to harm caused not just by individuals but by <strong>practices, policies or norms within an institution that violate a person's rights</strong> or put them at risk. It often overlaps with neglect, discrimination, physical or psychological harm.\n </p>\n \n <em>Note: Disabled people (including tāngata whaikaha Māori and Pasifika disabled people) face elevated\n rates of violence, discrimination and neglect in New Zealand — partly due to <a href=\"/glossary#ableism\" rel=\"noopener\">ableism</a>, under-resourced support systems and historical practices that isolated disabled people from families and communities.<br />\n In Aotearoa New Zealand, this form of abuse has been extensively documented through the <strong>Royal Commission of Inquiry into Abuse in Care</strong>, which identified <strong>systemic patterns of harm withininstitutions</strong>, particularly affecting disabled people, Māori, and children in state care.\n </em> \n <p>\n <small>Reference:</small>\n <ul>\n <li><a href=\"https://safeguardingboard.im/safeguarding-adults/information-for-professionals/types-and-signs-of-abuse\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><small>Safeguarding Board | Isle of Man</small></a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.auckland.ac.nz/en/news/2021/12/07/violence-against-disabled-people.html\" target=\"_blank\"\n rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><small>University of Auckland</small></a>\n </li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.ageconcern.org.nz/Public/Public/Info/Services/Elder_abuse_and_neglect/Types_of_Elder_Abuse.aspx\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><small>Age Concern NZ</small></a></li>\n </ul> \n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#institutional-abuse","tags":["abuse"],"excerpt":"Institutional abuse Refers to harm caused not just by individuals but by practices, policies or norms within an institution that violate a person's rights or put them at risk. It often overlaps with neglect, discrimination, physical or psychological harm. Note: Disabled people (including tāngata whaikaha Māori and Pasifika disabled people) face elevated rates of violence, discrimination and neglect in New Zealand — partly due to ableism, under-resourced support systems and historical practices that isolated disabled people from families and communities. In Aotearoa New Zealand, this form of abuse has been extensively documented through the Royal Commission of Inquiry into Abuse in Care, which identified systemic patterns of harm withininstitutions, particularly affecting disabled people, Māori, and children in state care. Reference: Safeguarding Board | Isle of Man University of Auckland Age Concern NZ"},{"id":"institutional-risks","title":"Institutional risks","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Institutional risks</strong></h4>\n <p >\n <strong>Institutional risks</strong> are <strong>risks of harm that arise from the way organisations,\n systems, or services are designed,\n governed, or operated,</strong> rather than from the actions of a single individual.\n </p>\n <p >In a <strong>safeguarding context</strong>, institutional risks occur\n when <strong>policies, practices, cultures, or power imbalances within\n institutions</strong> increase the likelihood of <strong>abuse, neglect, exploitation, or unsafe\n outcomes</strong> — or prevent harm from being\n recognised, believed, or responded to appropriately.\n </p>\n <p >These risks can exist in <strong>any setting</strong>, including\n health, disability, education, justice, care, housing, and social\n services.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#institutional-risks","tags":[],"excerpt":"Institutional risks Institutional risks are risks of harm that arise from the way organisations, systems, or services are designed, governed, or operated, rather than from the actions of a single individual. In a safeguarding context, institutional risks occur when policies, practices, cultures, or power imbalances within institutions increase the likelihood of abuse, neglect, exploitation, or unsafe outcomes — or prevent harm from being recognised, believed, or responded to appropriately. These risks can exist in any setting, including health, disability, education, justice, care, housing, and social services."},{"id":"intersectional","title":"Intersectional AND Intersectionality","excerpt":"IntersectionalAND Intersectionality Intersectionality describes how disability can combine with other forms of disadvantage - such as ethnicity, gender, poverty, or sexuality - to increase discrimination and risk of harm. These factors interact within systems and services, often making it harder for disabled people to be believed, supported, or kept safe. For example, a person who is a woman, Māori, and disabled may face discrimination that is different - and more complex - than the discrimination they might face from just one of those factors alone. By being aware of these layers and complexity, it helps us understand that unfair treatment (discrimination) can be multi-dimensional and intensified (by happening in layers and becoming more complex as a result), and not just occurring in one way - and therefore why support needs to reflect people's full experiences.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Intersectional<br>AND Intersectionality</strong></h4>\n <p ><em>Intersectionality</em> describes how disability can combine with other forms of disadvantage - such as ethnicity, gender, poverty, or sexuality\n - to increase discrimination and risk of harm.\n These factors interact within systems and services, often making it harder for disabled people to be believed,\n supported, or kept safe.</p>\n <p >For example, a person who is a woman, Māori, and disabled may face discrimination that is different - and more complex -\n than the discrimination they might face from just one of those factors alone.</p>\n <p >By being aware of these layers and complexity, it helps us understand that unfair treatment (discrimination) can be\n multi-dimensional and intensified (by happening in layers and becoming more complex as a result), and not just occurring\n in one way - and therefore why support needs to reflect people's full experiences.</p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#intersectional","tags":[]},{"id":"intimate-partner-violence","title":"Intimate partner violence","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Intimate partner violence</strong></h4>\n <p>\n A pattern of abusive, <a href=\"/glossary#coercive\" rel=\"noopener\">coercive</a>, or controlling behaviours\n within an intimate relationship that cause physical, sexual,\n psychological, emotional, or economic harm, and is used to maintain power and control over a partner.\n </p>\n <p>\n <small>References:</small>\n <ul>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.justice.govt.nz/justice-sector-policy/key-initiatives/addressing-family-violence-and-sexual-violence/a-new-family-violence-act/\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Family Violence Act 2018</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://www.women.govt.nz/womens-safety/data-and-research\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Ministry\n of Social Development, 2022</a></li>\n <li><a href=\"https://academic.oup.com/book/54159\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Stark,\n 2007</a></li>\n </ul> \n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#intimate-partner-violence","tags":[],"excerpt":"Intimate partner violence A pattern of abusive, coercive, or controlling behaviours within an intimate relationship that cause physical, sexual, psychological, emotional, or economic harm, and is used to maintain power and control over a partner. References: Family Violence Act 2018 Ministry of Social Development, 2022 Stark, 2007"},{"id":"intimidating","title":"Intimidating","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Intimidating</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Intimidating describes behaviour from others or an experience that frightens, pressures, or silences a\n person, making them feel unsafe to speak, disagree, seek help, or exercise choice.\n </p>\n <p >\n If people find services intimidating, they might feel overwhelmed, confused or inadequate, and this also\n shuts down their ability to seek help, exercise choice or request a different approach.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#intimidating","tags":[],"excerpt":"Intimidating Intimidating describes behaviour from others or an experience that frightens, pressures, or silences a person, making them feel unsafe to speak, disagree, seek help, or exercise choice. If people find services intimidating, they might feel overwhelmed, confused or inadequate, and this also shuts down their ability to seek help, exercise choice or request a different approach."},{"id":"intimidation","title":"Intimidation","excerpt":"Behaviour that deliberately frightens, pressures, coerces, or controls a person to influence their actions, silence them, or make them feel unsafe or powerless.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Intimidation</strong></h4><p >Intimidation is behaviour that deliberately frightens, pressures, coerces, or controls a person to influence their actions, silence them, or make them feel unsafe or powerless.</p><p >In a safeguarding context, intimidation may involve threats, bullying, harassment, abuse of authority, or creating fear through words, actions, or body language. It can be explicit (such as direct threats) or subtle (such as implied consequences, monitoring, or emotional pressure).</p><p >Intimidation can prevent people - especially disabled people or those facing other disadvantages - from speaking up, reporting harm, or accessing support, and is a significant safeguarding concern.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#intimidation","tags":["safeguarding","coercion","abuse","control"]},{"id":"kaimahi","title":"Kaimahi","excerpt":"Staff.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Kaimahi</strong></h4><p >Staff.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#kaimahi"},{"id":"kaitiakitanga","title":"Kaitiakitanga","excerpt":"The Māori concept of guardianship, stewardship, and protection. It's the central principle of Tikanga Māori that governs the relationship between people and the natural world, based on the belief that humans are deeply connected with the environment, rather than superior to it.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nKaitiakitanga\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nThe Māori concept of guardianship, stewardship, and protection. It's the central principle of Tikanga Māori that governs the relationship between people and the natural world, based on the belief that humans are deeply connected with the environment, rather than superior to it.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#kaitiakitanga","tags":[]},{"id":"kaupapa","title":"Kaupapa","excerpt":"Subject matter, guiding principles; a Māori-led approach, plan or philosophy.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Kaupapa</strong></h4><p >Subject matter, guiding principles; a Māori-led approach, plan or philosophy.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#kaupapa"},{"id":"korero","title":"Kōrero","excerpt":"A conversation or discussion.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Kōrero</strong></h4><p >A conversation or discussion.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#korero"},{"id":"legal-proxy","title":"Legal proxy","excerpt":"A person formally authorised under the law to make decisions on behalf of another person who has been assessed as not having the legal capacity to make certain decisions for themselves.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Legal proxy</strong></h4><p >A legal proxy is a person who has been formally authorised under the law to make decisions on behalf of another person who has been assessed as not having the legal capacity to make certain decisions for themselves.</p><p >Having a legal proxy does <strong>not</strong> remove a person’s rights. Safeguarding practice requires that:</p><ul><li>The person’s will and preferences are sought and respected wherever possible.</li><li>Decisionmaking is the <strong>least restrictive</strong> option.</li><li>The legal proxy acts in the person’s <strong>best interests</strong> and within the limits of their legal authority.</li><li>The role of the proxy does not override <a href=\"/glossary#supported-decision-making\">supported decision-making</a> where the person can participate.</li></ul><p >Misuse of power by a legal proxy - such as making decisions for convenience, exerting control, ignoring the person’s wishes, or exploiting dependency - is a significant safeguarding concern.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#legal-proxy","tags":["decision-making","legal","rights","safeguarding"]},{"id":"lgbtq","title":"LGBTQ+ or LGBTIQ+","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>LGBTQ+ or LGBTIQ+</strong></h4>\n <p >\n <strong>LGBTQ+</strong> / LGBTIQ+ is an inclusive term that refers to people who identify as <strong>lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning</strong>, and other diverse sexual orientations, gender identities, and sex characteristics (represented by the\n “+”). \n </p>\n <p >\n In a safeguarding context, the term recognises that LGBTQ+ people may face <strong>increased risks of discrimination, exclusion, abuse, or barriers to support</strong>, and that services need to be inclusive, respectful, and responsive to people's identities and lived experiences.\n </p> \n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#lgbtq","tags":["lesbian","gay","bisexual","transgender","queer","intersex","transexual","trans","homosexual","asexual"],"excerpt":"LGBTQ+ or LGBTIQ+ LGBTQ+ / LGBTIQ+ is an inclusive term that refers to people who identify as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer or questioning, and other diverse sexual orientations, gender identities, and sex characteristics (represented by the “+”). In a safeguarding context, the term recognises that LGBTQ+ people may face increased risks of discrimination, exclusion, abuse, or barriers to support, and that services need to be inclusive, respectful, and responsive to people's identities and lived experiences."},{"id":"lived-experience","title":"Lived experience","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Lived experience</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Lived experience refers to the knowledge, understanding, and insight and first-hand experience gained through directly living with disability, or personally experiencing abuse or harm, or navigating safeguarding systems.\n </p>\n <p >\n In the context of disabled people, abuse survivors, and safeguarding, lived experience:\n <ul>\n <li>reflects the actual impacts of abuse, neglect, discrimination, and systemic barriers</li>\n <li>includes how power imbalances, attitudes, services, and responses are felt and experienced, not just how they are intended</li>\n <li>recognises disabled people and survivors as experts in their own lives</li>\n <li>highlights how harm, safety, and support may look different from inside the experience than from institutional or\n professional perspectives.</li> \n </ul> \n </p>\n <p >\n Valuing lived experience helps safeguarding services to identify hidden risks, avoid harmful assumptions, and design responses that are more effective, respectful, traumainformed, and manaenhancing.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#lived-experience","tags":[],"excerpt":"Lived experience Lived experience refers to the knowledge, understanding, and insight and first-hand experience gained through directly living with disability, or personally experiencing abuse or harm, or navigating safeguarding systems. In the context of disabled people, abuse survivors, and safeguarding, lived experience: reflects the actual impacts of abuse, neglect, discrimination, and systemic barriers includes how power imbalances, attitudes, services, and responses are felt and experienced, not just how they are intended recognises disabled people and survivors as experts in their own lives highlights how harm, safety, and support may look different from inside the experience than from institutional or professional perspectives. Valuing lived experience helps safeguarding services to identify hidden risks, avoid harmful assumptions, and design responses that are more effective, respectful, traumainformed, and manaenhancing."},{"id":"mahi","title":"Mahi","excerpt":"Work.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Mahi</strong></h4><p >Work.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#mahi"},{"id":"mana","title":"Mana","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Mana</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Mana is a te reo Māori concept that refers to a person's inherent dignity, authority, status, and\n self-worth. It is deeply connected to identity, relationships, culture, and how a person is treated by\n others.\n </p>\n <p >\n In a safeguarding context, upholding mana means treating people with dignity and respect, valuing their\n voice and lived experience, and supporting choices that strengthen their autonomy and identity. Safeguarding\n practice should be mana-enhancing, avoiding responses that dismiss, control, or diminish a person's sense of\n worth.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#mana","tags":[],"excerpt":"Mana Mana is a te reo Māori concept that refers to a person's inherent dignity, authority, status, and self-worth. It is deeply connected to identity, relationships, culture, and how a person is treated by others. In a safeguarding context, upholding mana means treating people with dignity and respect, valuing their voice and lived experience, and supporting choices that strengthen their autonomy and identity. Safeguarding practice should be mana-enhancing, avoiding responses that dismiss, control, or diminish a person's sense of worth."},{"id":"manipulation","title":"Manipulation","excerpt":"Behaviour where a person deliberately influences, deceives, or exploits someone to gain power or control, often at the expense of the other person’s wellbeing, choice, or safety.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Manipulation</strong></h4><p >Manipulation is behaviour where a person deliberately influences, deceives, or exploits someone to gain power or control, often at the expense of the other person’s wellbeing, choice, or safety.</p><p >In a <strong>safeguarding context</strong>, manipulation may involve guilttripping, emotional pressure, withholding information, presenting false choices, playing people against each other, exploiting trust or dependency, or using kindness, support, or threats strategically to control behaviour. It can be subtle and gradual, making it difficult to recognise.</p><p >Manipulation can undermine a person’s confidence, autonomy, and ability to make informed decisions. It can prevent people - particularly disabled people or those facing other disadvantages - from recognising harm, setting boundaries, or seeking help, and is therefore a significant safeguarding concern.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#manipulation","tags":["safeguarding","abuse","control","coercion"]},{"id":"marginalisation","title":"Marginalisation","excerpt":"The process of pushing a person or group to the 'edges' of society, effectively making them feel insignificant or powerless. It's not just about being left out; it's about a systemic lack of access to resources, rights, and opportunities that others take for granted.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nMarginalisation\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nThe process of pushing a person or group to the 'edges' of society, effectively making them feel insignificant or powerless. It's not just about being left out; it's about a systemic lack of access to resources, rights, and opportunities that others take for granted.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#marginalisation","tags":[]},{"id":"matauranga-maori","title":"Mātauranga Māori","excerpt":"Mātauranga (literally Māori knowledge) is a modern term for the traditional knowledge of the Māori people of New Zealand. Māori traditional knowledge is multi-disciplinary and holistic","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Mātauranga Māori</strong></h4><p >Mātauranga (literally Māori knowledge) is a modern term for the traditional knowledge of the Māori people of New Zealand. Māori traditional knowledge is multi-disciplinary and holistic.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#matauranga-maori","tags":[]},{"id":"medical-model-of-disability","title":"Medical model of disability","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Medical model of disability</strong></h4>\n <p >\n The medical model of disability views disability as a problem located within an individual, caused by impairment, illness, or difference. It focuses on diagnosis, treatment, cure, or management.\n </p>\n <p >\n Under this model, risks, barriers and difficulties experienced by disabled people are often considered to be as a result of their condition, rather than being created by environments, systems, attitudes, or lack of support.\n </p>\n <p >\n This contrasts with the social model of disability, which focuses on removing barriers and disabling practices, rather than ‘fixing’ the person.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#medical-model-of-disability","tags":[],"excerpt":"Medical model of disability The medical model of disability views disability as a problem located within an individual, caused by impairment, illness, or difference. It focuses on diagnosis, treatment, cure, or management. Under this model, risks, barriers and difficulties experienced by disabled people are often considered to be as a result of their condition, rather than being created by environments, systems, attitudes, or lack of support. This contrasts with the social model of disability, which focuses on removing barriers and disabling practices, rather than ‘fixing’ the person."},{"id":"modern-slavery","title":"Modern slavery","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Modern slavery</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Severe <a href=\"/glossary#exploitation\" rel=\"noopener\">exploitation</a> where a person cannot refuse or leave due to <a href=\"/glossary#coercion\" rel=\"noopener\">coercion</a>, threats, <a href=\"/glossary#deception\" rel=\"noopener\">deception</a>, or abuse of power, resulting in loss of freedom and fundamental human rights (New Zealand Government, 2020; International Labour Organization, 2017).\n \n </p>\n <p >\n In the New Zealand context, modern slavery is used as an <strong>umbrella term</strong> that includes: forced labour, human trafficking,\n debt bondage, servitude, slavery-like practices (New Zealand Government, 2020).\n \n </p>\n <p >\n <small>References: \n <br /> \n <a\n href=\"https://www.ilo.org/sites/default/files/wcmsp5/groups/public/@dgreports/@dcomm/documents/publication/wcms_575479.pdf\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Global estimates of modern slavery: Forced labour and forced marriage</a> - International Labour Organization, Walk Free Foundation, & International Organization for Migration (2017).\n <br/>\n <a href=\"https://www.mbie.govt.nz/dmsdocument/19734-discussion-document-a-legislative-response-to-modern-slavery-and-worker-exploitation\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">A legislative response to modern slavery and worker exploitation: Discussion document</a> - Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (2020). New Zealand Government.\n </small>\n\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#modern-slavery","tags":[],"excerpt":"Modern slavery Severe exploitation where a person cannot refuse or leave due to coercion, threats, deception, or abuse of power, resulting in loss of freedom and fundamental human rights (New Zealand Government, 2020; International Labour Organization, 2017). In the New Zealand context, modern slavery is used as an umbrella term that includes: forced labour, human trafficking, debt bondage, servitude, slavery-like practices (New Zealand Government, 2020). References: Global estimates of modern slavery: Forced labour and forced marriage - International Labour Organization, Walk Free Foundation, & International Organization for Migration (2017). A legislative response to modern slavery and worker exploitation: Discussion document - Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment (2020). New Zealand Government."},{"id":"multi-agency-team","title":"Multi-agency team","excerpt":"A group of professionals from different services (like health, disability, social work, police, and advocacy) who work together to support someone.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Multi-agency team</strong></h4><p >A group of professionals from different services (like health, disability, social work, police, and advocacy) who work together to support someone.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#multi-agency-team"},{"id":"needs-assessment-service","title":"Needs Assessment and Service Co-ordination (NASC)","excerpt":"An agency that assesses your needs (in this case, in addressing violence, abuse and neglect) and co-ordinates services to support you. In New Zealand, the NASC service is the entry / access point into publicly funded Community Support Services.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Needs Assessment and Service Co-ordination (NASC)</strong></h4><p >An agency that assesses your needs (in this case, in addressing violence, abuse and neglect) and co-ordinates services to support you. In New Zealand, the NASC service is the entry / access point into publicly funded Community Support Services. </p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#needs-assessment-service","tags":["nasc"]},{"id":"neuro-disability","title":"Neuro-disability","excerpt":"Some disability groups prefer to use the term neuro-disability as they find it is more helpful to understand the primary impairments/challenges and strengths of those with certain diagnoses (such as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder - FASD). Neuro-disability is not a negative term.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Neuro-disability</strong></h4><p >Some disability groups prefer to use the term neuro-disability as they find it is more helpful to understand the primary impairments/challenges and strengths of those with certain diagnoses (such as Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder - <a href=\"/glossary#fasd\" target=\"\">FASD</a>). Neuro-disability is not a negative term.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#neuro-disability"},{"id":"neurodivergent","title":"Neurodiverse / Neurodivergent","excerpt":"Neurodiverse / Neurodivergent Neurodiverse (or neurodivergent) describes the natural diversity of human brains and ways of thinking, recognising that people’s neurological differences are a normal part of human variation rather than deficiencies or disorders. The term is often used in relation to people who are autistic, have ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia, Tourette syndrome, or other neurodevelopmental differences, but it refers broadly to diversity across all minds","html":"\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Neurodiverse / Neurodivergent</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Neurodiverse (or neurodivergent) describes the natural diversity of human brains and ways of thinking, recognising that\n people’s neurological differences are a normal part of human variation rather than deficiencies or disorders.\n <br/>\n The term is often used in relation to people who are autistic, have ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia, Tourette syndrome, or\n other neurodevelopmental differences, but it refers broadly to diversity across all minds\n </p> \n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#neurodivergent","tags":[]},{"id":"normalise","title":"Normalise","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Normalise</strong></h4>\n <p >\n To normalise describes a situation where harmful, abusive, or neglectful behaviour comes to be seen as\n ordinary,\n acceptable, or “just the way things are”, rather than recognised as unsafe or unacceptable.\n </p>\n <p >\n In a safeguarding context, abuse is normalised when:\n <ul>\n <li>\n harmful behaviour is minimised, excused, or ignored\n </li>\n <li>\n people are expected to tolerate mistreatment or inadequate care as part of their care package, support,\n relationships,\n or daily life\n </li>\n <li>\n warning signs are overlooked because they are common, routine, or culturally embedded\n </li>\n <li>\n responses focus on helping people ‘cope’ with harm or neglect rather than preventing or addressing it.\n </li>\n </ul>\n </p>\n <p >\n When abuse or neglect is normalised, it can reduce the likelihood of disclosure, make people doubt their own\n experiences, and prevent systems or services from recognising and responding to risk or harm.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#normalise","tags":[],"excerpt":"Normalise To normalise describes a situation where harmful, abusive, or neglectful behaviour comes to be seen as ordinary, acceptable, or “just the way things are”, rather than recognised as unsafe or unacceptable. In a safeguarding context, abuse is normalised when: harmful behaviour is minimised, excused, or ignored people are expected to tolerate mistreatment or inadequate care as part of their care package, support, relationships, or daily life warning signs are overlooked because they are common, routine, or culturally embedded responses focus on helping people ‘cope’ with harm or neglect rather than preventing or addressing it. When abuse or neglect is normalised, it can reduce the likelihood of disclosure, make people doubt their own experiences, and prevent systems or services from recognising and responding to risk or harm."},{"id":"not-for-profit","title":"Not for profit","excerpt":"An organisation that doesn’t exist to make money for owners or stakeholders. Instead, it puts all its resources back into its mission and community.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Not for profit</strong></h4><p >An organisation that doesn’t exist to make money for owners or stakeholders. Instead, it puts all its resources back into its mission and community.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#not-for-profit"},{"id":"nsac","title":"NSAC (National Sexual Assault Clinic Network)","excerpt":"A national group of clinics that provide medical and support services to people who have experienced sexual harm.More info at: NZFVC NSAC page","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>NSAC (National Sexual Assault Clinic Network)</strong></h4><p >A national group of clinics that provide medical and support services to <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> who have experienced sexual harm.<br>More info at: <a href=\"https://www.nzfvc.org.nz/centres/national-sexual-assault-clinics-nsac\" title=\"https://www.nzfvc.org.nz/centres/national-sexual-assault-clinics-nsac\">NZFVC NSAC page</a></p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#nsac"},{"id":"outcomes","title":"Outcomes","excerpt":"The positive results or changes that happen after someone receives support or services—such as increased safety, wellbeing, or system improvements.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Outcomes</strong></h4><p >The positive results or changes that happen after someone receives support or services—such as increased safety, wellbeing, or system improvements.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#outcomes"},{"id":"pathologised","title":"Pathologised","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Pathologised</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Pathologised means that disabled people's experiences are treated as symptoms of their impairment or mental\n health,\n rather than being recognised as real, valid experiences of harm or abuse. For example:\n </p>\n <ul>\n <li>\n Their account is explained away as confusion, overreaction, distress, or behaviour linked to their\n disability.\n </li>\n <li>\n Professionals focus on diagnosing or managing the person, instead of listening to what has happened to\n them.\n </li>\n <li>\n Harm, abuse, or neglect is reframed as a medical, behavioural, or care issue rather than a safeguarding\n concern.\n </li>\n </ul>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#pathologised","tags":[],"excerpt":"Pathologised Pathologised means that disabled people's experiences are treated as symptoms of their impairment or mental health, rather than being recognised as real, valid experiences of harm or abuse. For example: Their account is explained away as confusion, overreaction, distress, or behaviour linked to their disability. Professionals focus on diagnosing or managing the person, instead of listening to what has happened to them. Harm, abuse, or neglect is reframed as a medical, behavioural, or care issue rather than a safeguarding concern."},{"id":"people","title":"People","excerpt":"By people we mean: tāngata whaikaha Māori, tagata sa’ilimalo, d/Deaf, neurodivergent, disabled people, Adults at Risk, and their families.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong><span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">People</span></strong></h4><p ><strong>By <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span></strong> we mean: tāngata whaikaha Māori, tagata sa’ilimalo, d/Deaf, neurodivergent, disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span>, Adults at Risk, and their families. </p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#people"},{"id":"person-centred","title":"Person-centred","excerpt":"A person-centred care approach places you at the centre of all discussions, plans and choices regarding your care. This means that decisions about your care takes into account your preferences, values, culture, interests, beliefs and goals.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Person-centred</strong></h4><p >A person-centred care approach places you at the centre of all discussions, plans and choices regarding your care. This means that decisions about your care takes into account your preferences, values, culture, interests, beliefs and goals.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#person-centred","tags":[]},{"id":"person-directed","title":"Person-directed","excerpt":"Person-directed care hands the reins to the individual themselves and lets them guide or steer the decisions that affect them.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Person-directed</strong></h4><p >Person-directed care hands the reins to the individual themselves and lets them guide or steer the decisions that affect them.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#person-directed","tags":[]},{"id":"physical-abuse","title":"Physical abuse","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Physical abuse</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Physical abuse is the use of physical force or actions that cause, or could cause, injury, pain, or distress. This can include acts such as hitting, punching, slapping, pushing, restraint, inappropriate use of medication, or misuse of equipment or aids.\n </p>\n <p >\n <small>Reference: <a href=\"https://www.disabilitysupport.govt.nz/providers/quality-and-safeguarding/disability-abuse-prevention-and-response\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Disability Abuse Prevention And Response | Disability Support Services</a></small>\n </p>\n <p >\n Regarding restraint, VisAble notes that inappropriate medication and equipment can be used as a form of restraint, as well as direct care practices.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#physical-abuse","tags":[],"excerpt":"Physical abuse Physical abuse is the use of physical force or actions that cause, or could cause, injury, pain, or distress. This can include acts such as hitting, punching, slapping, pushing, restraint, inappropriate use of medication, or misuse of equipment or aids. Reference: Disability Abuse Prevention And Response | Disability Support Services Regarding restraint, VisAble notes that inappropriate medication and equipment can be used as a form of restraint, as well as direct care practices."},{"id":"policies-and-procedures","title":"Policies and procedures","excerpt":"The written rules that guide how an organisation works. These explain what to do in different situations, including how to keep people safe and respond to complaints.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Policies and procedures</strong></h4><p >The written rules that guide how an organisation works. These explain what to do in different situations, including how to keep <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> safe and respond to complaints.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#policies-and-procedures"},{"id":"pppr-act","title":"PPPR Act","excerpt":"Protection of Personal and Property Rights Act 1988","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>PPPR Act</strong></h4><p >Protection of Personal and Property Rights Act 1988.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#pppr-act","tags":[]},{"id":"predatory-alienation","title":"Predatory alienation","excerpt":"The deliberate, strategic dismantling of a person's trusted relationships through deception, coercive control, and manipulation to isolate them for exploitation.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nPredatory alienation\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nThe deliberate, strategic dismantling of a person's trusted relationships through deception, coercive control, and manipulation to isolate them for exploitation.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#predatory-alienation","tags":[]},{"id":"prenatal","title":"Prenatal","excerpt":"The time before birth, during or relating to pregnancy.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Prenatal</strong></h4><p >The time before birth, during or relating to pregnancy.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#prenatal"},{"id":"privacy","title":"Privacy","excerpt":"The right to keep personal information safe and only share it when necessary or with permission.Legal context: Protected under the Privacy Act 2020 and Health Information Privacy Code.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Privacy</strong></h4><p >The right to keep personal information safe and only share it when necessary or with permission.<br><strong>Legal context:</strong> Protected under the <a href=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2020/0031/latest/LMS23223.html\" title=\"https://www.legislation.govt.nz/act/public/2020/0031/latest/LMS23223.html\">Privacy Act 2020</a> and <a href=\"https://www.privacy.org.nz/privacy-act-2020/codes-of-practice/health-information-privacy-code-2020/\" title=\"https://www.privacy.org.nz/privacy-act-2020/codes-of-practice/health-information-privacy-code-2020/\">Health Information Privacy Code</a>.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#privacy"},{"id":"professional-boundaries","title":"Professional boundaries","excerpt":"The ethical and practical limits that define an appropriate, respectful, and safe relationship between a professional person or support worker and the person they support.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Professional boundaries</strong></h4><p >Professional boundaries are the ethical and practical limits that define an appropriate, respectful, and safe relationship between a professional person or support worker and the person they support.</p><p >In a <strong>safeguarding context</strong>, professional boundaries exist to protect people from harm, abuse of power, exploitation, and blurred roles - and to ensure support is provided in a way that respects the person’s will and preferences, rights, dignity, and autonomy.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#professional-boundaries","tags":["safeguarding","boundaries","ethics","support-worker"]},{"id":"prototype","title":"Prototype","excerpt":"A prototype is an early sample, model or version of a product, system or service, used to test concepts, gather feedback and refine designs before the final product, system or service is developed. It's a working model that allows designers to evaluate functionality, usability and overall design before investing in the permanent model. The DAPAR model was developed and trialled live for 12 months, before the VisAble organisation was established.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Prototype</strong></h4><p >A prototype is an early sample, model or version of a product, system or service, used to test concepts, gather feedback and refine designs before the final product, system or service is developed. It's a working model that allows designers to evaluate functionality, usability and overall design before investing in the permanent model. The <a href=\"/glossary#dapar\">DAPAR</a> model was developed and trialled live for 12 months, before the VisAble organisation was established.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#prototype"},{"id":"psychological-abuse","title":"Psychological abuse","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\"\n data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Psychological abuse</strong></h4>\n <p>\n In many safeguarding, family violence, and legal contexts, <strong>emotional abuse and psychological abuse are used interchangeably</strong>. Both describe <strong>patterns of behaviour that harm a person's emotional and mental wellbeing</strong>, undermine their sense of self, and erode their autonomy or safety.\n </p>\n <p>\n However, some frameworks make a useful distinction:\n <ul>\n <li><strong>Emotional abuse</strong> focuses more on <strong>how a person is made to feel</strong> (for example, fear, shame, worthlessness).</li>\n <li><strong>Psychological abuse</strong> focuses more on the <strong>methods of control or manipulation</strong> used to affect a person's thinking, behaviour, or sense of reality.</li>\n </ul> \n </p>\n <p>\n Because of this, psychological abuse is sometimes treated as a broader term that can include emotional abuse within it. \n </p>\n <p> \n See also <a href=\"/glossary#emotional-abuse\"\n rel=\"noopener\">Emotional abuse</a>.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#psychological-abuse","tags":["emotional abuse","abuse"],"excerpt":"Psychological abuse In many safeguarding, family violence, and legal contexts, emotional abuse and psychological abuse are used interchangeably. Both describe patterns of behaviour that harm a person's emotional and mental wellbeing, undermine their sense of self, and erode their autonomy or safety. However, some frameworks make a useful distinction: Emotional abuse focuses more on how a person is made to feel (for example, fear, shame, worthlessness). Psychological abuse focuses more on the methods of control or manipulation used to affect a person's thinking, behaviour, or sense of reality. Because of this, psychological abuse is sometimes treated as a broader term that can include emotional abuse within it. See also Emotional abuse."},{"id":"ptsd","title":"PTSD","excerpt":"PTSD stands for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>PTSD</strong></h4><p >PTSD stands for Post Traumatic Stress Disorder.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#ptsd"},{"id":"punitive","title":"Punitive","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Punitive</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Punitive means that systems respond to disabled people in ways that feel like punishment rather than support,\n particularly when they’re seeking help, disclosing harm, or are challenging decisions.\n </p>\n <p >\n When the system or a service is experienced as punitive, this can include:\n </p>\n <ul>\n <li>\n Negative consequences for speaking up (for example, loss of services, increased scrutiny, or being seen and treated as\n ‘difficult’).\n </li>\n <li>\n Rules, processes, or sanctions that punish noncompliance rather than addressing safety or needs.\n </li>\n <li>\n Blame or suspicion directed at the disabled person, instead of accountability for, and a response to, harm.\n </li>\n <li>\n Deterrent effects, where people avoid seeking help because the response feels unsafe, risky or harmful to them.\n </li>\n </ul>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#punitive","tags":[],"excerpt":"Punitive Punitive means that systems respond to disabled people in ways that feel like punishment rather than support, particularly when they’re seeking help, disclosing harm, or are challenging decisions. When the system or a service is experienced as punitive, this can include: Negative consequences for speaking up (for example, loss of services, increased scrutiny, or being seen and treated as ‘difficult’). Rules, processes, or sanctions that punish noncompliance rather than addressing safety or needs. Blame or suspicion directed at the disabled person, instead of accountability for, and a response to, harm. Deterrent effects, where people avoid seeking help because the response feels unsafe, risky or harmful to them."},{"id":"puretumu-torowhanui","title":"Puretumu torowhānui","excerpt":"The puretumu torowhānui system is a proposed national redress and healing system in Aotearoa New Zealand designed to respond to people who were abused while in state care or faith-based care (for example, in children’s homes, foster care, psychiatric institutions, or church-run facilities).<br/>It’s a holistic system to acknowledge harm, compensate survivors, and support healing, rather than forcing survivors to go through courts or fragmented complaint processes.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nPuretumu torowhānui\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nThe puretumu torowhānui system is a proposed national redress and healing system in Aotearoa New Zealand designed to respond to people who were abused while in state care or faith-based care (for example, in children’s homes, foster care, psychiatric institutions, or church-run facilities). \n<br/>\nIt’s a holistic system to acknowledge harm, compensate survivors, and support healing, rather than forcing survivors to go through courts or fragmented complaint processes.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#puretumu-torowhanui","tags":[]},{"id":"re-traumatise","title":"Re-traumatise / Re traumatisation","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Re-traumatise / Re traumatisation</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Retraumatise means causing a person to experience trauma again, or triggering the emotional, psychological, or physical\n impacts of past abuse or harm.\n </p>\n <p >\n In the context of abuse survivors, retraumatisation can occur when:\n <ul>\n <li>\n a person is not believed, or is dismissed, blamed, or questioned in a way that mirrors past abuse\n </li>\n <li>\n they are asked to repeat or re-live traumatic experiences without appropriate care, choice, or support, including when\n asked to re-tell their story (when passed to different staff or different agencies)\n </li>\n <li>\n responses involve loss of control, power imbalances, or coercion, which can feel similar to the original harm\n </li>\n <li>\n systems or services prioritise processes, evidence, or compliance (their own organisational requirements) over the\n person's safety, dignity, and wellbeing\n </li>\n <li>\n protections, boundaries, or support are withdrawn after disclosure.\n </li>\n </ul>\n Retraumatisation can intensify distress, discourage future disclosure, and further undermine trust in people or systems\n that are meant to provide protection and support.\n </p>\n <p >\n Traumainformed safeguarding practice aims to reduce the risk of retraumatisation by promoting safety, upholding dignity,\n ensuring choice, enabling collaboration, and conveying respect.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#re-traumatise","tags":[],"excerpt":"Re-traumatise / Re traumatisation Retraumatise means causing a person to experience trauma again, or triggering the emotional, psychological, or physical impacts of past abuse or harm. In the context of abuse survivors, retraumatisation can occur when: a person is not believed, or is dismissed, blamed, or questioned in a way that mirrors past abuse they are asked to repeat or re-live traumatic experiences without appropriate care, choice, or support, including when asked to re-tell their story (when passed to different staff or different agencies) responses involve loss of control, power imbalances, or coercion, which can feel similar to the original harm systems or services prioritise processes, evidence, or compliance (their own organisational requirements) over the person's safety, dignity, and wellbeing protections, boundaries, or support are withdrawn after disclosure. Retraumatisation can intensify distress, discourage future disclosure, and further undermine trust in people or systems that are meant to provide protection and support. Traumainformed safeguarding practice aims to reduce the risk of retraumatisation by promoting safety, upholding dignity, ensuring choice, enabling collaboration, and conveying respect."},{"id":"referral","title":"Referral","excerpt":"A GP referral is a formal request, usually written, from a general practitioner (GP) about a patient, sent to a specialist or other healthcare provider to manage a patient’s specific condition or health-related needs (including seeking access to certain medical services).","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Referral</strong></h4><p >A GP referral is a formal request, usually written, from a general practitioner (GP) about a patient, and sent to a specialist or other healthcare provider, to manage a patient’s specific condition or health-related needs (including seeking access to certain medical services).</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#referral","tags":["referral","gp","healthcare"]},{"id":"risk-assessment","title":"Risk assessment","excerpt":"A structured process used by a health provider or professional to identify and evaluate factors that may increase the risk of violence, abuse, neglect, or exploitation, and to guide decisions about safety and support.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Risk assessment</strong></h4><p >A risk assessment in a safeguarding context is a structured process used by a health provider or professional to identify and evaluate factors that may increase the risk of violence, abuse, neglect, or exploitation.</p><p >It considers a person’s vulnerabilities, protective factors, behaviours, relationships, and environmental circumstances to determine the likelihood and potential impact of harm, and to guide decisions about immediate safety, support needs, and appropriate preventative or protective actions.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#risk-assessment","tags":["risk","assessment","safeguarding"]},{"id":"risk-factors","title":"Risk factors","excerpt":"Circumstances, conditions, or experiences that increase the likelihood of violence, abuse, and neglect, or exploitation occurring.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Risk factors</strong></h4><p >Risk factors are circumstances, conditions, or experiences that increase the likelihood of <a href=\"/what-is-abuse\">violence, abuse, and neglect</a>, or exploitation occurring.</p><p >Risk factors often interact and overlap, meaning risk can increase when several are present at the same time.</p><p >In a safeguarding context, risk factors do not cause harm on their own, but they can make people - especially disabled people or those facing other disadvantages - more vulnerable to harm or might reduce their ability to be safe, heard, or supported.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#risk-factors","tags":["risk","safeguarding","vulnerability"]},{"id":"royal-commission-into-abuse-in-care","title":"Royal Commission into Abuse in Care","excerpt":"An independent investigation into abuse and neglect that happened to children, young people, and vulnerable adults in state or faith-based care.Visit: abuseincare.org.nz","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Royal Commission into Abuse in Care</strong></h4><p >An independent investigation into abuse and neglect that happened to children, young <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span>, and vulnerable adults in state or faith-based care.<br>Visit: <a href=\"https://www.abuseincare.org.nz/\" title=\"https://www.abuseincare.org.nz/\">abuseincare.org.nz</a></p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#royal-commission-into-abuse-in-care"},{"id":"safa","title":"SAFA (Safeguarding Adults From Abuse)","excerpt":"A national practice model for preventing and responding to abuse or neglect of disabled people and adults at risk.Learn more at: SAFA.org.nz","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>SAFA (Safeguarding Adults From Abuse)</strong></h4><p >A national practice model for preventing and responding to abuse or neglect of disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> and adults at risk.<br>Learn more at: <a href=\"https://safa.org.nz/\" title=\"https://safa.org.nz/\">SAFA.org.nz</a></p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#safa"},{"id":"safa-coordinator","title":"SAFA Coordinator","excerpt":"A trained professional who helps guide the SAFA safeguarding response. They work closely with the adult and support team to ensure safety, choice, and dignity.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>SAFA Coordinator</strong></h4><p >A trained professional who helps guide the SAFA safeguarding response. They work closely with the adult and support team to ensure safety, choice, and dignity.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#safa-coordinator"},{"id":"safeguarding","title":"Safeguarding / whakahaumarutia","excerpt":"Actions and systems designed to keep people—especially disabled people and adults at risk—safe from abuse, neglect, and harm. Safeguarding includes prevention, response, and promoting rights.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><a href=\"/safeguarding\"><strong>Safeguarding</strong></a><strong> / whakahaumarutia</strong></h4><p >Actions and systems designed to keep <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span>—especially disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> and adults at risk—safe from abuse, neglect, and harm. Safeguarding includes prevention, response, and promoting rights.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#safeguarding"},{"id":"safeguarding-adult-response-group","title":"Safeguarding adult response group","excerpt":"a multi-agency team established to support someone at risk, and design and provide a safeguarding intervention or support","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Safeguarding adult response group</strong></h4><p >a multi-agency team established to support someone at risk, and design and provide a safeguarding intervention or support.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#safeguarding-adult-response-group","tags":[]},{"id":"safeguarding-framework","title":"Safeguarding Framework","excerpt":"The Safeguarding Framework underpins the Enabling Good Lives (explained above) approach.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Safeguarding Framework</strong></h4><ul data-rte-list=\"default\"><li><p >The Safeguarding Framework underpins the <a href=\"/glossary#enabling-good-lives\">Enabling Good Lives</a> (explained above) approach. </p></li></ul><ul data-rte-list=\"default\"><li><p >It’s designed to establish a common understanding and consistent approach to help promote, protect and enhance the rights of disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> and protect <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> against abuse. </p></li></ul>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#safeguarding-framework"},{"id":"safeguarding-response","title":"Safeguarding response","excerpt":"When a situation of concern is raised, this is the coordinated process that follows to support the adult’s safety, dignity, and wishes—often involving multiple people and services.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Safeguarding response</strong></h4><p >When a situation of concern is raised, this is the coordinated process that follows to support the adult’s safety, dignity, and wishes—often involving multiple <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> and services.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#safeguarding-response"},{"id":"safeguarding-risk","title":"Safeguarding risk","html":"\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\"\n data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Safeguarding risk</strong></h4>\n <p>\n Safeguarding risk refers to the possibility that a person is experiencing, or at risk of experiencing, family violence, sexual violence, abuse, neglect, or coercion, control, or exploitation.\n </p> \n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#safeguarding-risk","tags":[],"excerpt":"Safeguarding risk Safeguarding risk refers to the possibility that a person is experiencing, or at risk of experiencing, family violence, sexual violence, abuse, neglect, or coercion, control, or exploitation."},{"id":"safety-plan","title":"Safety plan","excerpt":"A clear, practical plan developed with (or for) a person to reduce the risk of violence, abuse, neglect, or exploitation by outlining risks, protective actions, and roles and responsibilities.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Safety plan</strong></h4><p >A safety plan in a safeguarding context is a clear, practical plan developed with (or for) a person to reduce the risk of violence, abuse, neglect, or exploitation.</p><p >It outlines identified risks, agreed protective actions, and the roles and responsibilities of individuals or services involved.</p><p >The plan focuses on promoting immediate and ongoing safety, supporting the person’s wellbeing, and responding appropriately if concerns escalate or incidents occur.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#safety-plan","tags":["safety","plan","safeguarding","risk"]},{"id":"sarg","title":"SARG","excerpt":"SARG stands for Safeguarding Adult Response Group, which is a multi-agency team established to support someone at risk, and design and provide a safeguarding intervention or support","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>SARG</strong></h4><p >SARG stands for Safeguarding Adult Response Group, which is a multi-agency team established to support someone at risk, and design and provide a safeguarding intervention or support.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#sarg","tags":[]},{"id":"self-neglect","title":"Self-neglect","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Self-neglect</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Lack of self-care to an extent that it threatens personal health and safety, by: neglecting to care for one’s personal\n hygiene, health or surroundings; inability to avoid harm as a result of self-neglect; and failure to seek help or access\n services to meet health and social care needs.\n </p>\n <p >\n <small>\n Reference: <br />\n <a href=\"https://safeguarding-guide.nhs.uk/types-of-abuse-exploitation-and-neglect/s3-15/\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">NHS</a><br /> \n </small>\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#self-neglect","tags":["neglect"],"excerpt":"Self-neglect Lack of self-care to an extent that it threatens personal health and safety, by: neglecting to care for one’s personal hygiene, health or surroundings; inability to avoid harm as a result of self-neglect; and failure to seek help or access services to meet health and social care needs. Reference: NHS"},{"id":"sensory-input","title":"Sensory input","excerpt":"The information the body receives from within itself from the senses, and from the environment, which is then processed by the brain. This includes sight, sound, touch, smell and taste, and a sense of body position, movement and balance. This process allows people to interact with and navigate their world and to understand their body’s needs.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Sensory input</strong></h4><p >The information the body receives from within itself from the senses, and from the environment, which is then processed by the brain. This includes sight, sound, touch, smell and taste, and a sense of body position, movement and balance. This process allows <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> to interact with and navigate their world and to understand their body’s needs.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#sensory-input"},{"id":"sensory-profile","title":"Sensory profile","excerpt":"A sensory profile is a tool, often used by occupational therapists, to understand how a person’s nervous system processes sensory information, which can then help identify patterns of sensitivity and how they affect daily functioning.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Sensory profile</strong></h4><p >A sensory profile is a tool, often used by occupational therapists, to understand how a person’s nervous system processes sensory information, which can then help identify patterns of sensitivity and how they affect daily functioning. </p><p >It assesses various responses to stimuli such as sound, touch, sight and smell and can be used to develop personalised strategies and environmental supports to assist an individual’s participation in activities.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#sensory-profile"},{"id":"sexual-abuse","title":"Sexual abuse","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Sexual abuse</strong></h4>\n <p>\n Sexual abuse involves forcing or enticing someone to take part in sexual activities without freely given\n consent. This can include physical acts or non-contact behaviours such as exposure to sexual imagery or <a\n href=\"/glossary#grooming\" rel=\"noopener\">grooming</a>, and can occur in many settings.\n </p>\n <p>\n <small>Reference: <a\n href=\"https://practice.orangatamariki.govt.nz/practice-framework/practice-standards/ensure-safety-and-wellbeing/definitions-of-abuse-neglect-and-harm/sexual-abuse\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Oranga Tamariki</a></small>\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#sexual-abuse","tags":[],"excerpt":"Sexual abuse Sexual abuse involves forcing or enticing someone to take part in sexual activities without freely given consent. This can include physical acts or non-contact behaviours such as exposure to sexual imagery or grooming, and can occur in many settings. Reference: Oranga Tamariki"},{"id":"siblings","title":"Siblings","excerpt":"Brothers and sisters.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Siblings</strong></h4><p >Brothers and sisters.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#siblings"},{"id":"situation-of-concern","title":"Situation of concern","excerpt":"When someone notices or reports that an adult might be experiencing harm, abuse, neglect, or unsafe conditions. This can come from a person, whānau, organisation, or community member.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Situation of concern</strong></h4><p >When someone notices or reports that an adult might be experiencing harm, abuse, neglect, or unsafe conditions. This can come from a person, whānau, organisation, or community member.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#situation-of-concern"},{"id":"social-isolation","title":"Social isolation","excerpt":"A lack of meaningful social contact, connection, or support; in safeguarding contexts it can increase vulnerability by reducing protective relationships, limiting disclosure, and increasing dependence on a small number of individuals.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Social isolation</strong></h4><p >Social isolation refers to a lack of meaningful social contact, connection, or support from family, friends, community, or services.</p><p >In a safeguarding context, social isolation can increase a person’s vulnerability to violence, abuse, neglect, or exploitation by reducing protective relationships, limiting opportunities for concerns to be noticed or disclosed, and increasing dependence on a small number of individuals.</p><p >Isolation may be physical, social, emotional, or digital, and can be both a contributing risk factor and a potential indicator of safeguarding concern.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#social-isolation","tags":["social-isolation","risk","safeguarding","vulnerability"]},{"id":"social-model-of-disability","title":"Social model of disability","html":"\n<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Social model of disability</strong></h4>\n <p >\n The social model of disability understands disability as arising from barriers within society, rather than from a person’s impairment or difference. These barriers can be physical, attitudinal, systemic, cultural, or institutional, and are created by how environments, services, policies, and power structures are designed and operate.\n </p>\n <p >\n Unlike the medical model, which focuses on fixing or managing the individual, the social model focuses on removing barriers, challenging discrimination, and changing systems so that people can participate safely, fully, and with dignity.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#social-model-of-disability","tags":[],"excerpt":"Social model of disability The social model of disability understands disability as arising from barriers within society, rather than from a person’s impairment or difference. These barriers can be physical, attitudinal, systemic, cultural, or institutional, and are created by how environments, services, policies, and power structures are designed and operate. Unlike the medical model, which focuses on fixing or managing the individual, the social model focuses on removing barriers, challenging discrimination, and changing systems so that people can participate safely, fully, and with dignity."},{"id":"substitute-decision-making","title":"Substitute decision-making","excerpt":"When another person makes decisions on behalf of someone else, only when the person can’t decide for themselves and only for those decisions.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Substitute decision-making</strong></h4><p >Substitute decisionmaking is when another person makes decisions on behalf of someone else.</p><ul><li>It should happen <strong>only when the person can’t decide for themselves</strong>, and only for those decisions.</li><li>The person’s will and preference (their voice and wishes) still matter, even when someone else has legal authority.</li></ul><p >Substitute decisionmaking does not replace <a href=\"/glossary#supported-decision-making\">supported decision-making</a> when the person can still be involved.</p><p >Overuse or misuse of substitute decisionmaking - such as excluding the person unnecessarily, ignoring or over-riding their wishes, or using authority for convenience or control - is a significant safeguarding concern.</p><p >See also <a href=\"/glossary#legal-proxy\">legal proxy</a> and <a href=\"/glossary#epoa\">Enduring Power of Attorney (EPOA)</a>.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#substitute-decision-making","tags":["decision-making","legal","rights","safeguarding"]},{"id":"support-worker","title":"Support worker","excerpt":"A person who provides practical, personal, or emotional support to help someone live their daily life, participate in the community, and maintain their wellbeing.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Support worker</strong></h4><p >A support worker is a person who provides practical, personal, or emotional support to help someone live their daily life, participate in the community, and maintain their wellbeing.</p><p >In a <strong>safeguarding context</strong>, support workers may assist with tasks such as personal care, communication, accessing services, making choices, or staying safe. Because support workers often have close, regular contact with people and may hold a position of trust or power, safeguarding practice requires that they:</p><ul><li>Act in ways that respect the person’s <strong>rights, dignity, and autonomy</strong>.</li><li>Support the person’s will and preferences, rather than making decisions for convenience.</li><li>Use <a href=\"/glossary#supported-decision-making\">supported decision-making</a> where appropriate.</li><li>Maintain clear <a href=\"/glossary#professional-boundaries\">professional boundaries</a>.</li><li>Do not use power, control, <a href=\"/glossary#manipulation\">manipulation</a>, <a href=\"/glossary#intimidation\">intimidation</a>, or dependency.</li></ul><p >Abuse of trust by a support worker - including neglect, exploitation, coercion, or misuse of power - is a serious safeguarding concern.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#support-worker","tags":["support-worker","safeguarding","professional-boundaries","care"]},{"id":"supported-decision-making","title":"Supported decision making","excerpt":"Supported decision making is a way for people to make their own decisions, based on their will and preference. Supported decision-making is an important process for people with dementia, acquired brain injuries, neuro-disabilities, and other disabilities. Supported decision making is different from 'substitute decisions' someone else makes for a person. Supported decision-making is considered best-practice by the UNCRPD, of which New Zealand is a signatory.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Supported decision making </strong></h4><p >Supported decision making is a way for <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> to make their own decisions, based on their will and preference. Supported decision-making is an important process for <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> with dementia, acquired brain injuries, neuro-disabilities, and other disabilities. Supported decision making is different from 'substitute decisions' someone else makes for a person. Supported decision-making is considered best-practice by the UNCRPD, of which New Zealand is a signatory.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#supported-decision-making"},{"id":"supported-living","title":"Supported living","excerpt":"See supported residential care and supported residential living.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Supported living</strong></h4><p >See <a href=\"/glossary#supported-residential-care\">supported residential care</a> and <a href=\"/glossary#supported-residential-living\">supported residential living</a>.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#supported-living","tags":["supported-living","housing","support-services"]},{"id":"supported-residential-care","title":"Supported residential care","excerpt":"Providing support for people in community-based housing, where people live in their own home or a flat, and receive assistance with day-to-day tasks.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Supported residential care</strong></h4><p >Providing support for people in community-based housing, where people live in their own home or a flat, and receive assistance with day-to-day tasks.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#supported-residential-care","tags":[]},{"id":"supported-residential-living","title":"Supported residential living","excerpt":"Community-based housing, where people live in their own home or a flat, and receive support and assistance with day-to-day tasks.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Supported residential living</strong></h4><p >Community-based housing, where people live in their own home or a flat, and receive support and assistance with day-to-day tasks.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#supported-residential-living","tags":[]},{"id":"system-based-change","title":"System-based change","excerpt":"Transforming how entire systems (like health, education, or justice) work - so they are more inclusive, fair, and responsive to the needs of disabled people and communities.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>System-based change</strong></h4><p >Transforming how entire systems (like health, education, or justice) work - so they are more inclusive, fair, and responsive to the needs of disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> and communities.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#system-based-change"},{"id":"systemic-abuse","title":"Systemic abuse","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Systemic abuse</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Harm experienced as a result of the disability, health, legal, or welfare systems operating in ways that remove choice,\n undermine <a href=\"/glossary#autonomy\" rel=\"noopener\">autonomy</a>, create barriers to safety, or enable ongoing <a href=\"/glossary#violence-abuse-or-neglect\" rel=\"noopener\">abuse or neglect</a>.\n </p> \n <p >\n Explore more about <a href=\"/glossary#systemic-abuse\" rel=\"noopener\">systemic abuse</a>.\n </p> \n <p >\n <small>Reference: Royal Commission of Inquiry into Abuse in Care; Disability Support Services. \n </small>\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#systemic-abuse","tags":[],"excerpt":"Systemic abuse Harm experienced as a result of the disability, health, legal, or welfare systems operating in ways that remove choice, undermine autonomy, create barriers to safety, or enable ongoing abuse or neglect. Explore more about systemic abuse. Reference: Royal Commission of Inquiry into Abuse in Care; Disability Support Services."},{"id":"systemic-conditions","title":"Systemic conditions","excerpt":"Wider structures, policies, practices, attitudes, and resource settings within systems, organisations or institutions that shape people’s experiences and can increase the risk of harm.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Systemic conditions</strong></h4><p >Systemic conditions are the wider structures, policies, practices, attitudes, and resource settings within systems, organisations or institutions that shape people’s experiences and can increase the risk of harm.</p><p >In a <strong>safeguarding context</strong>, systemic conditions can create or worsen vulnerability or the risk of harm, by limiting choice, voice, safety, or access to support. Harm may occur <strong>not because of one individual’s actions alone</strong>, but because of how systems are designed, resourced, or operated.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#systemic-conditions","tags":["systems","safeguarding","risk","equity"]},{"id":"takatapui","title":"Takatāpui","excerpt":"Takatāpui is a traditional Māori term meaning 'intimate companion of the same sex. ' It has been reclaimed to embrace all Māori who identify with diverse genders and sexualities such as whakawahine, tangata ira tane, lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, intersex and queer.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Takatāpui</strong></h4><p >Takatāpui is a traditional Māori term meaning 'intimate companion of the same sex. ' It has been reclaimed to embrace all Māori who identify with diverse genders and sexualities such as whakawahine, tangata ira tane, lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, intersex and queer.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#takatapui","tags":[]},{"id":"takiwatanga","title":"Takiwātanga","excerpt":"Takiwatanga is a Māori term that means \"in their own time and space.\" It is often used to describe the experience of autistic individuals, emphasizing their unique perspectives and the importance of allowing them to engage with the world at their own pace.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Takiwātanga</strong></h4><p >Takiwatanga is a Māori term that means <strong>\"in their own time and space.\"</strong> It is often used to describe the experience of autistic individuals, emphasizing their unique perspectives and the importance of allowing them to engage with the world at their own pace. </p><p >Additionally, Takiwatanga highlights the interconnectedness of time, space, and place within indigenous knowledge systems. It is regarded as a mana-enhancing term that recognizes autistic <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> as unique individuals with gifts and strengths.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#takiwatanga"},{"id":"tangata-sailimalo","title":"Tangata sa’ilimalo","excerpt":"A respectful Sāmoan term meaning \"people seeking victory.\" Used to describe Sāmoan disabled people.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Tangata sa’ilimalo</strong></h4><p >A respectful Sāmoan term meaning \"<span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span> seeking victory.\" Used to describe Sāmoan disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span>.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#tangata-sailimalo"},{"id":"tangata-whaikaha-maori","title":"Tāngata whaikaha Māori","excerpt":"Māori disabled people, including those who are d/Deaf, neurodivergent, or experience mental distress or long-term health conditions. It acknowledges disability as part of a person’s mana and whakapapa.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Tāngata whaikaha Māori</strong></h4><p >Māori disabled <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span>, including those who are d/Deaf, neurodivergent, or experience mental distress or long-term health conditions. It acknowledges disability as part of a person’s mana and whakapapa.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#tangata-whaikaha-maori"},{"id":"tangata-whaikaha-maori","title":"Tāngata whaikaha Māori","excerpt":"Māori disabled people.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nTāngata whaikaha Māori\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nMāori disabled people.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#tangata-whaikaha-maori","tags":[]},{"id":"te-ao-maori","title":"Te ao Māori","excerpt":"Te ao Māori is the Māori world-view. It emphasises the importance of relationships between nature and people. It is a holistic world-view that focuses on interconnections.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Te ao Māori</strong></h4><p >Te ao Māori is the Māori world-view. It emphasises the importance of relationships between nature and people. It is a holistic world-view that focuses on interconnections.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#te-ao-maori","tags":[]},{"id":"te-aorerekura","title":"Te Aorerekura","excerpt":"The National Strategy for the Elimination of Family Violence and Sexual Violence","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Te Aorerekura</strong></h4><p >The National Strategy for the Elimination of Family Violence and Sexual Violence.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#te-aorerekura","tags":[]},{"id":"te-puna-aonui","title":"Te Puna Aonui","excerpt":"The interagency executive board leading the government’s work to eliminate family violence and sexual violence in Aotearoa.Learn more: preventfvsv.govt.nz","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Te Puna Aonui</strong></h4><p >The interagency executive board leading the government’s work to eliminate family violence and sexual violence in Aotearoa.<br>Learn more: <a href=\"https://preventfvsv.govt.nz/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">preventfvsv.govt.nz</a></p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#te-puna-aonui","tags":[]},{"id":"te-tiriti-o-waitangi","title":"Te Tiriti o Waitangi","excerpt":"Applying the principles of te tiriti.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Te Tiriti o Waitangi</strong></h4><p >Applying the principles of te tiriti.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#te-tiriti-o-waitangi","tags":["treaty","waitangi"]},{"id":"te-tokoturo-model","title":"Te Tokoturo model","excerpt":"Te Tokotoru is a whānau-centred model that provides an alternative starting point and approach to public sector investment in communities. It helps to move the public sector system from deficit service-driven models and crisis response, to focusing on what matters to communities in place.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Te Tokoturo model</strong></h4><p >Te Tokotoru is a whānau-centred model that provides an alternative starting point and approach to public sector investment in communities. It helps to move the public sector system from deficit service-driven models and crisis response, to focusing on what matters to communities in place.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#te-tokoturo-model","tags":[]},{"id":"tikanga-maori","title":"Tikanga Māori","excerpt":"While mātauranga Māori might be carried in the minds, tikanga Māori puts that knowledge into practice and adds the aspects of correctness and ritual support. People then see tikanga in action, and they do it, feel it, understand it, accept it and feel empowered through experience.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Tikanga Māori</strong></h4><p >While mātauranga Māori might be carried in the minds, tikanga Māori puts that knowledge into practice and adds the aspects of correctness and ritual support. People then see tikanga in action, and they do it, feel it, understand it, accept it and feel empowered through experience.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#tikanga-maori","tags":[]},{"id":"tikanga-maori","title":"Tikanga Māori","excerpt":"The customary system of values, practices, and 'right ways of doing things' in Maōri culture.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nTikanga Māori\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nThe customary system of values, practices, and 'right ways of doing things' in Maōri culture.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#tikanga-maori","tags":[]},{"id":"trauma-informed","title":"Trauma-informed","excerpt":"A way of working that understands how trauma affects people’s lives and choices. It focuses on creating safe, healing, and empowering environments.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Trauma-informed</strong></h4><p >A way of working that understands how trauma affects <span class=\"people-tooltip-target\" style=\"cursor: help;\">people</span>’s lives and choices. It focuses on creating safe, healing, and empowering environments.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#trauma-informed"},{"id":"triage","title":"Triage","excerpt":"The initial assessment of a situation of concern, in order to determine the urgency of the situation and the nature of intervention or support required. Triaging enables higher priority situations to be addressed first.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Triage</strong></h4><p >The initial assessment of a situation of concern, in order to determine the urgency of the situation and the nature of intervention or support required. Triaging enables higher priority situations to be addressed first.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#triage","tags":["triage"]},{"id":"twin-track-response","title":"Twin track approach / twin-track response","excerpt":"An approach that ensures mainstream services and supports are inclusive of, and accessible to, disabled people, while services and supports specific to disabled people are also available. It is about having access to the most appropriate high-quality support or service at the right time and in the right place.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Twin track approach / twin-track response</strong></h4><p >Twin-track approach: this is about making sure mainstream services and supports (such as public transport) are inclusive of, and accessible to, disabled people - while services and supports that are specific to disabled people are also available.</p><p >This approach is not about having to choose between the specific (disabled) or mainstream option, but rather, having the right access to the most appropriate high-quality support or service, at the right time and in the right place.</p><p >Source: Disability Support Services (DSS) - https://www.disabilitysupport.govt.nz/disabled-people/resources-for-people-new-to-the-disability-community/definitions-concepts-and-approaches</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#twin-track-response","tags":["twin-track","approach","disability-support-services","accessibility","inclusion"]},{"id":"unconscious-bias","title":"Unconscious bias","excerpt":"Unconscious bias (or implicit bias) refers to automatic stereotypes or prejudices that influence our perceptions or decisions without our conscious awareness. These are formed by a person's background, personal experiences, and cultural environment.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nUnconscious bias\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nUnconscious bias (or implicit bias) refers to automatic stereotypes or prejudices that influence our perceptions or decisions without our conscious awareness. These are formed by a person's background, personal experiences, and cultural environment.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#unconscious-bias","tags":[]},{"id":"uncrpd","title":"UNCRPD","excerpt":"United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>UNCRPD</strong></h4><p >United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#uncrpd","tags":[]},{"id":"undermined","title":"Undermined","excerpt":"When someone is undermined, their confidence, authority or efforts are gradually weakened, often in a sneaky or persistent way. In relationships, undermining someone emotionally can be a red flag for a power imbalance or toxic dynamic. It can include belittling their achievements or opinions, invalidating their feelings, contradicting the other parent, or sarcastic comments and 'jokes'.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n<h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>\nUndermined\n</strong>\n</h4>\n<p >\nWhen someone is undermined, their confidence, authority or efforts are gradually weakened, often in a sneaky or persistent way. In relationships, undermining someone emotionally can be a red flag for a power imbalance or toxic dynamic. It can include belittling their achievements or opinions, invalidating their feelings, contradicting the other parent, or sarcastic comments and 'jokes'.\n</p>\n</div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#undermined","tags":[]},{"id":"undue-influence","title":"Undue influence","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Undue influence</strong></h4>\n <p >\n Undue Influence or coercive control is when individuals assert influence over other people to have them accept things\n they would not otherwise have done or accepted. It can involve using various techniques or manipulations over time.\n </p>\n <p >\n It includes causing someone to witness or hear abuse in the family.\n </p>\n <p >\n <small>Reference: <a\n href=\"https://www.elderjusticecal.org/undue-influence.html\"\n target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">CEJC</a></small>\n </p> \n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#undue-influence","tags":["Coercive control"],"excerpt":"Undue influence Undue Influence or coercive control is when individuals assert influence over other people to have them accept things they would not otherwise have done or accepted. It can involve using various techniques or manipulations over time. It includes causing someone to witness or hear abuse in the family. Reference: CEJC"},{"id":"vicarious-trauma","title":"Vicarious trauma","excerpt":"The emotional and psychological impact experienced by professionals who are repeatedly exposed to other people’s trauma through their work.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Vicarious trauma</strong></h4><p >Vicarious trauma is the emotional and psychological impact experienced by professionals who are repeatedly exposed to other people’s trauma through their work.</p><ul><li>It does not come from experiencing the traumatic event directly, but from empathic engagement with trauma survivors, ongoing exposure to traumatic stories, images, or distress, and working within contexts of violence, abuse, or harm.</li></ul><p >Over time, this exposure can alter a professional’s emotional wellbeing, beliefs, and worldview, and particularly their sense of safety, trust, control, and meaning.</p><p >Vicarious trauma is recognised as an occupational risk in safeguarding, health, disability, social work, justice, and victim support settings.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#vicarious-trauma","tags":["trauma","workforce","safeguarding","wellbeing"]},{"id":"violence-abuse-or-neglect","title":"Violence, abuse or neglect ","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Violence, abuse or neglect</strong></h4>\n <p >\n <strong>Violence is:</strong>\n A behaviour involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill.\n </p>\n <p >\n <strong>Abuse is:</strong>\n An act or behaviour that may result in harm to a person.\n <ul> \n <li>There are many forms of abuse, including physical, sexual, emotional, psychological or financial. </li>\n <li>Abuse means treating someone else badly, such as hitting someone or saying mean things. </li>\n <li>Abuse can also include neglect.</li>\n </ul>\n </p>\n <p >\n <strong>Neglect is:</strong> \n Failing to provide the care or support that is necessary to maintain a person's health, safety or wellbeing, where that<br/>\n failure is likely to cause suffering, injury, adverse effects to health, or mental or physical harm.\n </p>\n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#violence-abuse-or-neglect","tags":["violence","abuse","neglect"],"excerpt":"Violence, abuse or neglect Violence is: A behaviour involving physical force intended to hurt, damage, or kill. Abuse is: An act or behaviour that may result in harm to a person. There are many forms of abuse, including physical, sexual, emotional, psychological or financial. Abuse means treating someone else badly, such as hitting someone or saying mean things. Abuse can also include neglect. Neglect is: Failing to provide the care or support that is necessary to maintain a person's health, safety or wellbeing, where that failure is likely to cause suffering, injury, adverse effects to health, or mental or physical harm."},{"id":"whanau","title":"Whānau","excerpt":"Family Family.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Whānau</strong></h4><p >Family</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#whanau","tags":[]},{"id":"whanau-centred","title":"Whānau-centred","excerpt":"Putting the wellbeing of the whole whānau at the heart of services. Recognises the strength and interconnection of families and communities.","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n\n<div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Whānau-centred</strong></h4><p >Putting the wellbeing of the whole whānau at the heart of services. Recognises the strength and interconnection of families and communities.</p>\n</div>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n \n \n\n\n\n</div>","url":"/glossary#whanau-centred"},{"id":"will-and-preference","title":"Will and preference","html":"<div class=\"sqs-block-content\">\n <div class=\"sqs-html-content\" data-sqsp-text-block-content=\"\">\n <h4 style=\"white-space:pre-wrap;\"><strong>Will and preference</strong></h4>\n <p > \n <strong>Will and preference/s</strong> refers to a person's <strong>own wishes, choices, values, and priorities</strong>, as <strong>freely expressed or\n communicated by them</strong>, rather than decisions made for them by others.\n </p> \n </div>\n</div>","url":"/glossary#will-and-preference","tags":["will","preference"],"excerpt":"Will and preference Will and preference/s refers to a person's own wishes, choices, values, and priorities, as freely expressed or communicated by them, rather than decisions made for them by others."}] Search glossary: No results
